Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) - causes, symptoms & treatment approaches
In irritable bowel syndrome, the function of the gastrointestinal tract is disturbed, which can lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, flatulence, bloating, diarrhoea, constipation or tiredness.
Things worth knowing about "Irritable bowel syndrome"
Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional disorder characterised by abdominal pain, bloating and digestive problems. There are many causes - diet, stress reduction and probiotics often help.
The irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional intestinal disorder characterised by chronic or recurring symptoms such as abdominal pain, flatulence, constipation or alternation of both.characterised by chronic or recurring symptoms such as abdominal pain, flatulence, diarrhoea, constipation or an alternation of both conditions. Although no organic causes can be identified, the quality of life of those affected is often severely restricted. According to estimates, around 12-17% of the population in Germany suffer from irritable bowel syndrome - women are affected more frequently than men. The diagnosis is usually made after excluding other diseases and on the basis of defined clinical criteria (e.g. Rome IV criteria).
The exact causes of RDS are not yet fully understood, but it is a multifactorial event. Zu den Hauptauslösern zählen eine gestörte Darm-Hirn-Achse, chronischer Stress, Veränderungen der Darmflora (Mikrobiota), inflammatory processes at the mucosal level, increased visceral sensitivity to pain and consequences of gastrointestinal infections (post-infectious IBS). Intolerances to certain foods, FODMAPs or additives can also trigger or exacerbate the symptoms. Recent studies suggest that bacterial colonisation of the small intestine (SIBO) also plays a role in some patients.
The treatment of irritable bowel syndrome requires an individualised and multimodal approach. In addition to a change in diet - e.g. a low FODMAP diet - probiotics, herbal remedies such as peppermint oil, relaxation techniques, stress management and, if necessary, a dietary supplement can also be used. psychotherapeutic methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy are used. In addition, integrative medicine also recommends micronutrients such as magnesium, L-glutamine or omega-3 fatty acids for regeneration of the intestinal mucosa and immune modulation. It is important to provide good patient education in order to reduce anxiety and promote self-efficacy.
Important features of irritable bowel syndrome:
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Functional bowel disorder with abdominal pain, flatulence, diarrhoea and/or constipation
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No demonstrable organic cause, but high level of suffering
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Triggers: stress, microbiome changes, food intolerances, SIBO
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Therapy: Nutrition, probiotics, herbal preparations, behavioural therapy
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Holistic approach often effective for relieving symptoms and improving quality of life
Literature references:
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Enck, P. et al (2016). ""Irritable bowel syndrome - an overview."" Deutsches Ärzteblatt.
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Chey, W. D. et al (2015). ""Irritable bowel syndrome: a clinical review."" JAMA.
- Barbara, G. et al (2021). ""The microbiota-gut-brain axis in gastrointestinal disorders."" Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology.
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