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H70.8 - Other Specified Mastoiditis | ICD-10
H70.8 is the ICD-10 code for other specified forms of mastoiditis, referring to inflammation of the mastoid bone behind the ear that does not fit standard classifications.
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H70.8 is the ICD-10 code for other specified forms of mastoiditis, referring to inflammation of the mastoid bone behind the ear that does not fit standard classifications.
What is H70.8?
The ICD-10 code H70.8 refers to other specified forms of mastoiditis – inflammatory conditions of the mastoid process that do not fall under the main categories of mastoiditis. The mastoid process is a bony prominence of the temporal bone located behind the ear. It contains air-filled cavities called mastoid cells, which are connected to the middle ear cavity.
Causes
Mastoiditis typically develops as a complication of inadequately treated acute otitis media (middle ear infection). Under the code H70.8, additional or atypical causes may include:
- Rare bacterial pathogens (e.g., Mycobacterium tuberculosis, anaerobic bacteria)
- Chronic inflammatory processes with an unusual clinical course
- Post-surgical complications following mastoid procedures
- Granulomatous diseases affecting the mastoid
- Infections related to immunodeficiency or immunosuppression
Symptoms
Symptoms of mastoiditis can vary depending on the type and severity. Common signs include:
- Pain and tenderness behind the affected ear
- Redness and swelling of the skin over the mastoid process
- Protrusion of the ear due to retroauricular swelling
- Fever and general malaise
- Ear discharge (otorrhea)
- Hearing loss in the affected ear
In atypical or other specified forms (H70.8), symptoms may develop gradually and initially appear less pronounced.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is made by a physician and typically involves:
- Clinical examination: Inspection of the outer ear and the area behind the ear
- Otoscopy: Examination of the ear canal and eardrum
- Imaging: CT (computed tomography) or MRI of the temporal bone to assess mastoid cell involvement
- Laboratory tests: Complete blood count and inflammatory markers (CRP, ESR)
- Swab and culture: Pathogen identification from ear secretions to guide antibiotic therapy
Treatment
Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition:
- Antibiotic therapy: Frequently administered intravenously using broad-spectrum antibiotics; tailored to culture results for atypical pathogens
- Surgical intervention (mastoidectomy): Required in cases of abscess formation or failure to respond to conservative treatment
- Treatment of the underlying condition: For specific causes such as tuberculosis, targeted therapy is initiated
- Follow-up care: Regular ENT (ear, nose, and throat) check-ups to monitor recovery
Complications
Untreated or inadequately managed mastoiditis can lead to serious complications:
- Subperiosteal abscess (collection of pus beneath the periosteum)
- Meningitis (inflammation of the meninges)
- Brain abscess
- Labyrinthitis (inflammation of the inner ear)
- Facial nerve palsy (paralysis of the facial nerve)
- Sigmoid sinus thrombosis
References
- World Health Organization (WHO): ICD-10 Version 2019, Chapter VIII – Diseases of the ear and mastoid process, Code H70.
- Kaplan, S.L. et al.: Mastoiditis in children – Diagnosis and Management. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 2020.
- Bluestone, C.D. & Klein, J.O.: Otitis Media in Infants and Children. 4th ed. BC Decker, Hamilton, 2007.
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