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H72.2 – Tympanic Membrane Perforation: Causes & Treatment
H72.2 is the ICD-10 code for perforation of the tympanic membrane due to other causes, such as trauma or acute infection. It affects the middle ear.
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H72.2 is the ICD-10 code for perforation of the tympanic membrane due to other causes, such as trauma or acute infection. It affects the middle ear.
What does ICD-10 Code H72.2 mean?
The ICD-10 code H72.2 refers to a perforation of the tympanic membrane due to other causes – meaning a rupture or hole in the eardrum that is not caused by chronic middle ear disease. The tympanic membrane (eardrum) is a thin membrane separating the outer ear canal from the middle ear and plays a key role in sound transmission and hearing.
Causes
A tympanic membrane perforation classified under H72.2 can be triggered by various factors:
- Acoustic trauma: Loud bangs, explosions, or sudden pressure changes (e.g., while diving or flying)
- Mechanical trauma: Injury caused by foreign objects in the ear (e.g., cotton swabs, sharp instruments)
- Barotrauma: Sudden pressure changes, for example during scuba diving or at high altitudes
- Acute otitis media: Accumulating pus can lead to spontaneous perforation of the eardrum
- Iatrogenic causes: Complications from medical procedures involving the ear
Symptoms
Typical signs of a tympanic membrane perforation include:
- Sudden, sharp ear pain
- Hearing loss (usually temporary, rarely permanent)
- Tinnitus (ringing in the ear)
- Discharge of fluid or blood from the ear
- Dizziness (vertigo) if the inner ear is involved
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is usually established by:
- Otoscopy: Direct visual examination of the eardrum using an otoscope or ear speculum with a light source
- Tympanometry: Measurement of eardrum mobility and middle ear pressure
- Audiogram: Hearing test to evaluate the extent of any hearing loss
Treatment
Treatment depends on the cause and severity of the perforation:
- Conservative management: Small perforations often heal spontaneously within a few weeks. Ear drops (without ototoxic components) and analgesics may be used for symptom relief.
- Pharmacological therapy: Antibiotics (systemic or topical) are administered when infection is present.
- Surgical treatment (myringoplasty / tympanoplasty): Larger or persistent perforations may require surgical closure of the eardrum.
During the healing process, the ear should be kept dry and protected from water to prevent secondary infections.
References
- World Health Organization (WHO): International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10). Geneva, 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/
- Lalwani A.K. (ed.): Current Diagnosis & Treatment in Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery. 4th edition, McGraw-Hill Education, 2020.
- Browning G.G., Weir J., Mackay I.S.: Clinical Otolaryngology. 3rd edition, Blackwell Publishing, 2008.
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