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K57.0 – Small Intestine Diverticulitis ICD-10
K57.0 is an ICD-10 diagnosis code for diverticulitis of the small intestine with perforation and abscess, representing a serious inflammatory complication.
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K57.0 is an ICD-10 diagnosis code for diverticulitis of the small intestine with perforation and abscess, representing a serious inflammatory complication.
What Does ICD-10 Code K57.0 Mean?
The ICD-10 code K57.0 stands for diverticulitis of the small intestine with perforation and abscess. It belongs to the group of diverticular diseases of the intestine (K57) and describes a serious inflammatory complication in which small pouches (diverticula) in the wall of the small intestine become inflamed and may rupture.
Explanation: Diverticulitis of the Small Intestine
Diverticula are small, pouch-like protrusions of the intestinal wall. When these become inflamed, the condition is called diverticulitis. Although this more commonly affects the large intestine, small intestine involvement can lead to severe complications.
Causes
- Increased intraluminal pressure in the intestine
- Low-fiber diet over an extended period
- Age-related weakening of the intestinal wall
- Impaired intestinal motility
- Genetic predisposition
Symptoms
- Acute abdominal pain, often in the right lower abdomen or around the navel
- Fever and general feeling of illness
- Nausea and vomiting
- Changed bowel habits (diarrhea or constipation)
- In case of perforation: sudden, severe pain and signs of peritonitis (inflammation of the abdominal lining)
- In case of abscess: persistent pain, fever, and a palpable mass in the abdomen
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical findings, laboratory results, and imaging studies:
- Laboratory values: Elevated inflammatory markers (CRP, leukocytes)
- Ultrasound: First-line imaging method
- Computed tomography (CT): Gold standard for assessing perforation and abscess
- X-ray: To detect free air in cases of perforation
Treatment
Conservative Management
In mild cases without complications, conservative treatment may be sufficient:
- Fasting or a liquid diet to rest the bowel
- Antibiotics to treat the infection and inflammation
- Pain management
Interventional and Surgical Treatment
When an abscess or perforation is present (as coded under K57.0), more invasive measures are required:
- Percutaneous drainage: Catheter-guided drainage of the abscess
- Surgical resection: Removal of the affected bowel segment, often as emergency surgery
- Intensive care management: Required in cases of peritonitis or septic shock
Differentiation from Other K57 Codes
The ICD-10 category K57 includes several subcategories distinguished by location (small intestine, large intestine, or both) and the presence of complications (with or without perforation and abscess, with or without bleeding). K57.0 specifically refers to the small intestine with the most severe complication level (perforation and abscess).
References
- World Health Organization (WHO): ICD-10 International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, Chapter XI: Diseases of the Digestive System (K00–K93).
- Feingold D. et al.: Practice Parameters for the Treatment of Sigmoid Diverticulitis. Diseases of the Colon & Rectum, 2014; American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons.
- Tursi A. et al.: Diverticular Disease: A Gut Microbiota Perspective. Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, 2020.
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