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M70.6 Trochanteric Bursitis: Causes & Treatment
M70.6 is the ICD-10 code for trochanteric bursitis, a painful inflammation of the bursa located at the outer hip. It typically causes pain along the lateral side of the hip and thigh.
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M70.6 is the ICD-10 code for trochanteric bursitis, a painful inflammation of the bursa located at the outer hip. It typically causes pain along the lateral side of the hip and thigh.
What is M70.6 (Trochanteric Bursitis)?
The ICD-10 code M70.6 refers to trochanteric bursitis, also known as bursitis trochanterica. This condition involves inflammation of the bursa – a small, fluid-filled sac – located at the greater trochanter, the bony prominence on the outer side of the upper femur (thigh bone). Bursae act as cushions between bones and soft tissues such as muscles, tendons, and skin, reducing friction during movement.
Causes
Trochanteric bursitis can be triggered by a variety of factors:
- Overuse or repetitive stress: Common in runners, cyclists, and individuals who stand or walk for extended periods.
- Direct trauma: A fall onto the hip or a direct impact can irritate the bursa.
- Poor posture or leg length discrepancy: Unequal leg lengths or abnormal gait mechanics increase stress on the trochanteric region.
- Muscle weakness or imbalance: Weakness of the hip abductors (gluteus medius) is a frequent contributing factor.
- Degenerative changes: Age-related wear and osteoarthritis can predispose individuals to bursitis.
- Rheumatic diseases: Systemic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis may also be involved.
Symptoms
Typical symptoms associated with M70.6 include:
- Pain on the outer side of the hip, often radiating down the lateral thigh
- Pain when lying on the affected side
- Pain during stair climbing, prolonged walking, or standing
- Tenderness directly over the greater trochanter upon palpation
- Possible local swelling or warmth in the affected area
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of trochanteric bursitis is primarily clinical:
- Medical history: Assessment of symptoms, onset, duration, and potential triggers.
- Physical examination: Characteristic tenderness over the greater trochanter; pain reproduced by resisted hip abduction or external rotation.
- Imaging: X-rays are used to rule out bony abnormalities. Ultrasound or MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) can visualize the bursa and surrounding structures such as the iliotibial band and gluteal tendons in detail.
Treatment
Conservative Treatment
The majority of cases respond well to conservative measures:
- Rest and activity modification: Reducing or avoiding painful activities.
- Ice therapy: Local cold application to reduce inflammation and pain.
- Physiotherapy: Targeted strengthening of the hip abductor muscles and stretching of the iliotibial band.
- Medications: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, e.g. ibuprofen) to relieve pain and inflammation.
- Corticosteroid injections: Local injections into the bursa can provide significant relief in persistent cases.
- Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT): An option for chronic or refractory cases.
Surgical Treatment
In rare, treatment-resistant cases, surgical removal of the bursa (bursectomy) may be considered, but this is seldom necessary.
Prognosis
The prognosis for trochanteric bursitis is generally favorable. With consistent conservative treatment – particularly physiotherapy and elimination of contributing factors – symptoms often resolve completely. Chronic cases are possible but typically manageable with appropriate care.
References
- Schilders E, Bharam S, Golan E et al.: Greater trochanteric pain syndrome – Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 2020.
- Lustenberger DP, Ng VY, Best TM, Ellis TJ: Efficacy of treatment of trochanteric bursitis – Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 2011.
- World Health Organization (WHO): ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders – ICD-10-CM M70.6, 2024.
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