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S83.5 – Sprain of the Knee Joint | ICD-10
S83.5 is an ICD-10 diagnosis code for a sprain or strain of the knee joint, describing injuries to the ligaments and joint capsule without involvement of bone.
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S83.5 is an ICD-10 diagnosis code for a sprain or strain of the knee joint, describing injuries to the ligaments and joint capsule without involvement of bone.
S83.5 – Sprain and Strain of the Knee Joint
S83.5 is a diagnostic code from the ICD-10 classification system (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision). It refers to a sprain or strain of the knee joint, in which the ligaments, joint capsule, or surrounding soft tissues are overstretched or partially torn, without an associated fracture.
Causes
Sprains and strains of the knee joint commonly result from:
- Sports injuries: sudden changes in direction, twisting movements, or direct impacts during football, basketball, or skiing
- Falls: rolling of the ankle or knee on uneven surfaces
- Traffic accidents: direct force applied to the knee
- Overuse: repetitive strain leading to microtrauma of the ligaments
Symptoms
Typical symptoms of a knee joint sprain include:
- Pain in or around the knee joint, worsened by movement or weight-bearing
- Swelling and warmth in the affected area
- Bruising (haematoma) around the knee
- Restricted range of motion when bending or straightening the knee
- A feeling of instability or the knee giving way
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of a knee joint sprain (S83.5) is established through:
- Clinical examination: inspection, palpation, and specific functional tests (e.g., drawer test, Lachman test) performed by a physician
- Imaging: X-rays to exclude fractures; MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) for detailed assessment of ligaments and soft tissues
- Ultrasound: to evaluate ligaments and fluid accumulation within the joint
Treatment
Treatment depends on the severity of the injury:
Conservative Treatment
- RICE principle: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation of the affected limb
- Pain management: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen to relieve pain and reduce inflammation
- Physiotherapy: targeted exercises to restore strength, stability, and range of motion
- Orthoses and braces: to stabilize the knee joint during the healing phase
Surgical Treatment
In cases of complete ligament rupture or persistent joint instability, surgical intervention may be required, such as arthroscopic ligament reconstruction.
Prognosis and Recovery
The healing time depends on the extent of the injury. Mild sprains typically resolve within a few weeks. Severe ligament injuries may require several months of rehabilitation. Consistent physiotherapy is essential to prevent recurrence and chronic instability.
References
- World Health Organization (WHO): International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision (ICD-10). Geneva: WHO, 2019.
- Frosch, K. H. et al.: Knee Ligament Injuries – Diagnosis and Treatment. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2023; 120: 139–148.
- Brukner, P. & Khan, K.: Clinical Sports Medicine. 5th ed. McGraw-Hill Education, 2017.
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