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Blackheads - causes, treatment & natural help for blackheads
Blackheads are caused by oxidised sebum in open pores. Find out how to treat them naturally.
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Blackheads are caused by oxidised sebum in open pores. Find out how to treat them naturally
.Blackheads: Open blackheads as a result of clogged pores
Blackheads - also known as open blackheads - occur when sebum, dead skin cells and dirt particles accumulate in a hair follicle and the pore remains open. The dark spot that gives the pore its name is not caused by dirt, but by oxidation: The sebum plug reacts with oxygen in the air and turns dark in colour. Blackheads are one of the most common manifestations of blemished skin and occur mainly in the so-called T-zone (forehead, nose, chin), where the sebaceous glands are particularly active.
The causes of blackheads are varied. Hormonal fluctuations - such as during puberty or the menstrual cycle - lead to increased sebum production. In combination with impaired skin desquamation, the sebum blocks the follicle opening. Unsuitable cosmetics, stress, environmental pollution or an unfavourable diet can also favour the formation of open blackheads. Unlike inflammatory pimples, blackheads are not reddened or painful - however, they can become inflammatory lesions due to bacterial infestation.
Treatment with keratolytic active ingredients such as salicylic acid, which regulate keratinisation and cleanse the pores from the inside. Niacinamide, retinoids or gentle mechanical peelings can also help to improve the skin's appearance. It is important not to unbalance the skin microbiome. Functional substances such as lactoferrin can be a useful addition here: The iron-binding protein has an antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and regulating effect - both locally and systemically. Studies show that it can stabilise the skin flora and reduce inflammatory processes around the sebaceous glands - which lowers the risk of a transition from blackheads to inflammatory acne.
Literature references:
- Dreno, B. et al (2018). Understanding innate immunity and inflammation in acne: Implications for management. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 32(11), 1896-1903.
- Tanghetti, E. A. (2013). The role of inflammation in the pathology of acne. The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 6(9), 27-35.
- Kawakami, T. et al (2015). Effects of oral administration of lactoferrin on skin condition in healthy women. The Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 56(3), 190-195.
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