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Epilepsy - causes, symptoms & nutrients for support
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder in which uncontrolled electrical discharges repeatedly occur in the brain.
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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder in which uncontrolled electrical discharges repeatedly occur in the brain.
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder in which uncontrolled electrical discharges repeatedly occur in the brain. These discharges lead to seizures, which can take various forms, from brief convulsions to long-lasting seizures that can impair consciousness. Seizures can affect motor functions as well as perception and consciousness. The causes of epilepsy are varied and can be genetic or caused by external factors. Possible triggers include a genetic predisposition, strokes, brain injuries, brain tumours, brain infections or metabolic disorders. In some cases, however, the exact cause remains unknown and is then referred to as idiopathic epilepsy.
There are different types of epilepsy, depending on which areas of the brain are affected and the characteristic symptoms of the seizures. A common classification distinguishes between focal seizures (which only affect one part of the brain) and generalised seizures (which affect both hemispheres of the brain). The best-known generalised seizures include grand mal seizures, which cause convulsions, loss of consciousness and uncontrollable twitching of the whole body. Absence seizures or minor seizures are another form of epilepsy in which the person affected usually loses consciousness and remains immobile for a short time.
The treatment of epilepsy aims to reduce the frequency and severity of seizures. The main form of therapy is antiepileptic drugs, which control the excessive electrical activity in the brain. In severe cases where medication is not sufficient, surgical interventions may also be considered, for example to remove tumour tissue or treat the areas of the brain that trigger seizures.
In addition to drug treatment, certain vitamins and nutrients can help to alleviate the symptoms of epilepsy or reduce the risk of seizures. A balanced diet is particularly important for people with epilepsy. A magnesium deficiency can increase the risk of seizures, as magnesium plays an important role in the regulation of neuronal excitability. Vitamin B6 is also important as this vitamin is involved in the production and metabolism of neurotransmitters that regulate electrical activity in the brain. A lack of vitamin B6 can lead to increased seizures. Vitamin D also contributes to the normal functioning of the nervous system and supports brain health. Vitamin D supplementation can be particularly useful for epilepsy patients who are taking anti-epileptic drugs, as these drugs can lower vitamin D levels in the body. Finally, folic acid is particularly important for people taking anti-epileptic drugs, as these can lower folate levels in the body.
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