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M60.0 – Infectious Myositis: Causes & Treatment

M60.0 is the ICD-10 code for infectious myositis, an inflammatory condition of the skeletal muscles caused by bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens.

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Things worth knowing about "M60.0"

M60.0 is the ICD-10 code for infectious myositis, an inflammatory condition of the skeletal muscles caused by bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens.

What is M60.0 – Infectious Myositis?

The ICD-10 code M60.0 refers to infectious myositis, an inflammation of the skeletal muscles caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. The condition can affect individual muscles or muscle groups and ranges in severity from mild discomfort to life-threatening illness.

Causes

Infectious myositis can be triggered by a variety of organisms:

Bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (the most common cause of pyomyositis), Streptococci, Clostridia
Viruses: Influenza viruses, Coxsackieviruses, HIV, SARS-CoV-2
Parasites: Trichinella spiralis (trichinosis), Toxoplasma gondii
Fungi: Candida species (rare, mostly in immunocompromised patients)

Contributing risk factors include a weakened immune system, diabetes mellitus, intravenous drug use, muscle trauma, or surgical procedures.

Symptoms

Symptoms of infectious myositis vary depending on the causative agent and disease severity:

Localized muscle pain, swelling, and warmth
Muscle weakness and limited range of motion
Fever and general malaise
Redness of the skin overlying the affected muscle
In severe cases: abscess formation, sepsis

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is established through a combination of clinical and laboratory findings:

Blood tests: Elevated inflammatory markers (CRP, ESR) and raised muscle enzymes (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase)
Imaging: Ultrasound or MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) to visualize inflammation and abscesses
Pathogen identification: Blood cultures, wound swabs, or muscle biopsy for microbiological analysis
Serology: Detection of antibodies when viral or parasitic causes are suspected

Treatment

Treatment depends on the underlying pathogen:

Bacterial myositis: Antibiotics (e.g., penicillin, flucloxacillin, clindamycin); surgical drainage in cases of abscess
Viral myositis: Primarily supportive care with pain relief and rest; antiviral medications for specific viruses
Parasitic myositis: Antiparasitic drugs (e.g., albendazole for trichinosis)
Fungal myositis: Antifungal agents (e.g., fluconazole, amphotericin B)

Severe cases may require hospitalization, and in critical situations, treatment in an intensive care unit.

Prognosis

With early diagnosis and targeted treatment, the prognosis for infectious myositis is generally favorable. However, severe or untreated cases can lead to permanent muscle damage or life-threatening complications such as sepsis.

References

World Health Organization (WHO): ICD-10 Version 2019 – M60.0 Infective myositis. Available at: https://icd.who.int/
Crum-Cianflone NF. Bacterial, Fungal, Parasitic, and Viral Myositis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 2008; 21(3):473–494.
Longo DL et al. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 20th Edition. McGraw-Hill Education, 2018.

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