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Wissenswertes über "Cortisol"
Cortisol is a vital hormone that is produced in the adrenal glands and plays a key role in metabolism, immune response and stress management.
Commonly referred to as the "stress hormone", cortisol is released at an increased rate when the body is confronted with stressful situations. Cortisol ensures that energy is provided by increasing blood sugar levels, stimulating fat burning and stimulating glucose production in the liver. This is helpful during acute periods of stress as it prepares the body for a quick response.
Cortisol follows a natural circadian rhythm and is highest in the morning to prepare the body for the day. As the day progresses, cortisol levels drop to reach their lowest point in the evening, allowing the body to rest. Melatonin, the "sleep hormone", acts as a counterbalance to cortisol. While cortisol keeps the body awake and alert during the day, melatonin ensures that the body prepares for sleep in the evening. As soon as daylight fades, melatonin levels rise and initiate the body's recovery by regulating the sleep-wake rhythm.
However, chronic stress can lead to permanently elevated cortisol levels, resulting in an imbalance. A constantly high cortisol level can disrupt the natural rhythm and impair melatonin production. This often leads to sleep disorders, as the body is no longer able to relax and rest properly in the evening. This results in exhaustion, irritability and reduced mental performance.
Permanently elevated cortisol levels can have negative health effects, including weight gain, sleep disorders, weakened immune defences and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. At the same time, a lack of melatonin can lead to chronic sleep disorders, which increases the risk of mental illnesses such as anxiety and depression. A healthy balance between cortisol and melatonin is therefore crucial for physical and mental well-being.
While cortisol keeps the body active, melatonin is crucial for regeneration. Measures to reduce cortisol levels, such as stress management, sufficient sleep and a healthy diet, contribute to recovery and hormonal balance. The targeted intake of melatonin supplements can help to restore the sleep-wake rhythm and promote recovery in the event of sleep disorders caused by increased stress or disturbed cortisol levels.
Overall, the interaction between cortisol and melatonin is crucial for a healthy balance between activity and recovery. Stable cortisol levels during the day and sufficient melatonin levels at night enable the body to both cope with stress and regenerate.
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