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Glossar: L

Do you have questions about specific symptoms or ingredients? Our glossary provides an A-to-Z guide to your health.

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425 Posts in this encyclopedia category

L-alanine

Alanine, also known as α-alanine, is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an amino group and a carboxylic acid group, both of which are attached to the central carbon atom, which also carries a methyl group as a side chain.

L-arginine

L-arginine is a semi-essential amino acid that plays a key role in the synthesis of nitric oxide.

L-aspartic acid

An amino acid that plays a role in the energy cycle and in the synthesis of other amino acids.

L-carnitine

Carnitine itself is not an amino acid, but is closely linked to amino acids. It promotes energy production and improves physical performance.

L-cysteine

L-cysteine is a semi-essential amino acid that has an antioxidant effect as a glutathione precursor.

L-glutamic acid

Glutamine is an amino acid that is used for the biosynthesis of proteins. It is important for metabolism, protein synthesis, energy production and supporting the immune system.

L-glycine

A non-essential amino acid involved in protein synthesis, detoxification and support of the central nervous system.

L-histidine

Histidine is a semi-essential amino acid that is synthesised in the liver. It is one of the 20 canonical amino acids. Only the enantiomer L-histidine is involved in the formation of human proteins

L-isoleucine

An essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) that supports muscle metabolism and energy production.

L-leucine

An essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) that supports protein synthesis and muscle building.

L-Lysine HCL

L-lysine HCL is an essential amino acid that plays an important role in protein synthesis, wound healing and calcium absorption.

L-methionine

An essential amino acid that contributes to detoxification and the synthesis of proteins and important molecules such as glutathione.

L-proline

A non-essential amino acid that contributes to the formation of collagen and supports skin and joint health.

L-serine

A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the synthesis of proteins, enzymes and neurotransmitters.

L-Theanine

L-Theanin ist eine natürliche Aminosäure, die fast ausschließlich in den Blättern von grünem und schwarzem Tee (Camellia sinensis) vorkommt.

L-threonine

Threonine is an amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins;

L-Thyroxine

L-Thyroxine is a synthetic thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism and goiter. It replaces the body's natural hormone thyroxine (T4).

L-Tryptophan

L-tryptophan is an essential amino acid that the body cannot produce on its own. It serves as a precursor to serotonin and melatonin, playing a key role in sleep, mood, and overall well-being.

L-Trytophan

An essential amino acid that serves as a precursor for serotonin and melatonin and supports mood and sleep.

L-tyrosine

A non-essential amino acid that is important for the synthesis of neurotransmitters and the support of cognitive function and stress management.

L-valine

An essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) that supports muscle metabolism and promotes tissue repair.

L00

L00 is the ICD-10 code for Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS), a severe skin condition caused by staphylococcal toxins, primarily affecting newborns and infants.

L01.0

L01.0 is the ICD-10 code for impetigo contagiosa, a common and highly contagious bacterial skin infection that primarily affects children.

L01.1

L01.1 is an ICD-10 code for impetigo, unspecified. This highly contagious bacterial skin infection commonly affects children, causing itchy blisters and honey-colored crusts.

L02.0

L02.0 is the ICD-10 code for a furuncle or carbuncle of the face. It describes a deep bacterial skin infection of the hair follicles located in the facial area.

L02.1

L02.1 is the ICD-10 code for a cutaneous abscess, furuncle, or carbuncle of the neck. It refers to a bacterial skin infection with a localized collection of pus.

L02.2

L02.2 is an ICD-10 code for a cutaneous abscess, furuncle, or carbuncle of the trunk. These purulent skin infections affect the chest, abdomen, and back.

L02.3

L02.3 is an ICD-10 code for cutaneous abscess, furuncle and carbuncle of the buttock. These bacterial skin infections cause pain and swelling and often require medical treatment.

L02.4

L02.4 is the ICD-10 code for a cutaneous abscess of a limb. It refers to a localized collection of pus in the skin or subcutaneous tissue of the arm or leg.

L02.8

L02.8 is the ICD-10 code for a cutaneous abscess, furuncle, or carbuncle at other specified sites. It describes a localized bacterial skin infection.

L02.9

L02.9 is an ICD-10 code for cutaneous abscess, furuncle, or carbuncle at an unspecified body site. These are typically painful, bacteria-driven pus-filled lesions of the skin.

L03.0

L03.0 is the ICD-10 code for cellulitis of the fingers and toes – a bacterial soft tissue infection causing redness, swelling, and pain.

L03.1

L03.1 is the ICD-10 code for cellulitis of the finger and toe – a bacterial soft tissue infection that requires prompt medical evaluation and treatment.

L03.2

L03.2 is the ICD-10 code for cellulitis of the toe, a bacterial infection of the subcutaneous tissue causing redness, swelling, and pain at the affected toe.

L03.3

L03.3 is the ICD-10 code for cellulitis of the trunk – a bacterial infection of the subcutaneous tissue affecting the chest, abdomen, or back.

L03.8

L03.8 is an ICD-10 diagnosis code for cellulitis and phlegmon of other sites. It describes a bacterial skin infection that can affect deeper tissue layers.

L03.9

L03.9 is the ICD-10 code for cellulitis, unspecified. It describes a diffuse bacterial soft tissue infection without a precisely defined anatomical location.

L04.0

L04.0 is the ICD-10 diagnosis code for acute lymphadenitis of the face, head, and neck – a painful inflammation of the lymph nodes in this region.

L04.1

L04.1 is the ICD-10 code for acute lymphadenitis of the neck – a sudden inflammation of the cervical lymph nodes, most commonly caused by bacterial infections.

L04.2

L04.2 is the ICD-10 code for acute lymphadenitis of the face, head, and neck. It describes an inflammation of lymph nodes, most commonly caused by a bacterial infection.

L04.3

L04.3 is the ICD-10 code for acute lymphadenitis of the lower limb and hip. It describes a sudden, painful inflammation of lymph nodes in the leg or hip area, most often caused by a bacterial infection.

L04.8

L04.8 is the ICD-10 code for acute lymphadenitis of other sites – a painful inflammation of lymph nodes occurring outside the classically defined body regions.

L04.9

L04.9 is the ICD-10 code for acute lymphadenitis, unspecified. It describes a sudden inflammation of one or more lymph nodes without a documented specific location or cause.

L05.0

L05.0 is the ICD-10 code for a pilonidal sinus with abscess, a painful inflammatory condition in the tailbone area.

L05.9

L05.9 is the ICD-10 code for pilonidal sinus without abscess, a cyst or channel near the tailbone often caused by ingrown hairs. It may cause pain and discharge.

L08.0

L08.0 is the ICD-10 code for pyoderma, a bacterial skin infection characterized by pus formation. It commonly affects children and older adults.

L08.1

L08.1 is the ICD-10 code for erythrasma, a superficial bacterial skin infection caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum, presenting with reddish-brown skin patches.

L08.8

L08.8 is an ICD-10 diagnosis code for other specified local infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, used when no more specific code applies.

L08.9

L08.9 is the ICD-10 code for a local infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, unspecified. It refers to an infection of skin tissue caused by bacteria, fungi, or other pathogens.

L10.0

L10.0 is the ICD-10 code for pemphigus vulgaris, a rare, severe autoimmune disease causing painful blisters on the skin and mucous membranes.

L10.1

L10.1 is the ICD-10 code for Pemphigus vegetans, a rare autoimmune skin disease characterised by blister formation and wart-like vegetating growths.

L10.2

L10.2 is the ICD-10 code for pemphigus foliaceus, a rare autoimmune skin disease causing superficial blisters and erosions on the skin.

L10.3

L10.3 is the ICD-10 code for pemphigus foliaceus, a rare autoimmune skin disease characterized by superficial blisters and scaling.

L10.4

L10.4 is the ICD-10 code for pemphigus foliaceus, a rare autoimmune skin disease causing superficial blisters, erosions, and scaling of the skin.

L10.5

L10.5 is the ICD-10 code for pemphigus vegetans, a rare autoimmune skin disorder characterized by blister formation and warty, vegetating skin lesions.

L10.8

L10.8 is the ICD-10 code for other forms of pemphigus, a rare autoimmune skin disease characterized by blister formation.

L10.9

L10.9 is the ICD-10 code for pemphigus, unspecified. It refers to a rare autoimmune skin disease characterized by blister formation on the skin and mucous membranes.

L11.0

L11.0 is an ICD-10 diagnosis code for acquired keratosis follicularis, also known as Darier disease. A rare chronic skin condition involving abnormal skin keratinization.

L11.1

L11.1 is the ICD-10 code for transient acantholytic dermatosis (Grover's disease), a skin condition causing itchy papules and vesicles on the trunk.

L11.8

L11.8 is an ICD-10 code for other specified acantholytic disorders – rare skin conditions characterised by a loss of cell-to-cell cohesion in the epidermis.

L11.9

L11.9 is an ICD-10 diagnosis code for an unspecified acantholytic disorder. It describes skin conditions characterised by loss of cell cohesion within the epidermis.

L12.0

L12.0 is the ICD-10 code for bullous pemphigoid, a chronic autoimmune blistering disease of the skin most commonly affecting older adults.

L12.1

L12.1 is an ICD-10 code for cicatricial pemphigoid, a rare autoimmune disease causing chronic blistering and scarring of mucous membranes and skin.

L12.2

L12.2 is the ICD-10 code for Chronic Bullous Disease of Childhood, a rare autoimmune skin condition causing large blister-like lesions in young children.

L12.3

L12.3 is the ICD-10 code for Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, a rare autoimmune skin disease causing blister formation.

L12.8

L12.8 is an ICD-10 diagnosis code for other pemphigoid conditions – a group of rare, blistering autoimmune diseases of the skin.

L12.9

L12.9 is an ICD-10 diagnosis code for unspecified pemphigoid, a chronic autoimmune skin disease characterized by blister-forming skin lesions.

L13.0

L13.0 is the ICD-10 code for dermatitis herpetiformis Duhring, a chronic blistering skin disease with intense itching closely associated with gluten intolerance (coeliac disease).

L13.1

L13.1 is the ICD-10 code for subcorneal pustular dermatosis (Sneddon-Wilkinson disease), a rare chronic skin condition characterized by sterile pustules beneath the skin surface.

L13.8

L13.8 is the ICD-10 code for other specified bullous disorders – skin conditions characterised by blister formation that do not fall into other specific bullous disease categories.

L13.9

L13.9 is an ICD-10 diagnosis code for an unspecified bullous disorder. It describes a group of skin conditions characterised by blister formation of unknown or non-specific origin.

L14

L14 is an ICD-10 diagnosis code for bullous skin disorders in diseases classified elsewhere. It describes blistering skin changes as a secondary manifestation of an underlying condition.

L50.0

L50.0 is the ICD-10 code for allergic urticaria (hives) – an immune-mediated skin reaction causing itchy welts, triggered by allergens such as food or medications.

L50.1

L50.1 is the ICD-10 code for idiopathic urticaria – hives without an identifiable cause, presenting with wheals and itching.

L50.2

L50.2 is the ICD-10 code for urticaria due to cold and heat, a physical urticaria triggered by thermal stimuli causing hives and itching.

L50.3

L50.3 is the ICD-10 code for cold urticaria, a physical allergic skin reaction causing hives, itching, and swelling after exposure to cold temperatures.

L50.4

L50.4 is the ICD-10 code for cold urticaria, a skin condition triggered by cold stimuli such as cold air, water, or objects, causing hives and itching.

L50.5

L50.5 is the ICD-10 code for pressure urticaria, a skin condition in which sustained pressure on the skin triggers wheals and swelling. It belongs to the group of physical urticarias.

L50.6

L50.6 is the ICD-10 code for contact urticaria, a skin reaction causing hives and redness triggered by direct contact with specific substances.

L50.8

L50.8 is the ICD-10 code for other urticaria, covering forms of hives not classified elsewhere. It is a skin condition characterised by wheals, redness, and itching.

L50.9

L50.9 is the ICD-10 code for urticaria, unspecified, commonly known as hives. It describes a skin condition with wheals and itching of unspecified cause.

Laboratory Diagnostics

Laboratory diagnostics involves the analysis of body samples such as blood, urine, or tissue to detect, monitor, and guide the treatment of medical conditions.

Laboratory Value Interpretation

Laboratory value interpretation is the professional evaluation of medical test results from blood, urine, or tissue samples to support diagnosis and treatment decisions.

Labour contractions

Labour contractions are rhythmic tightenings of the uterus that initiate and drive the birth process. They are a natural part of childbirth.

Labral lesion

A labral lesion is an injury to the labrum, the fibrocartilage ring of the hip or shoulder joint, causing pain, clicking, and restricted movement.

Labrum refixation

Labrum refixation is a surgical procedure to reattach a torn labrum at the shoulder or hip joint, restoring stability and function to the affected joint.

Labyrinthula sp.

Labyrinthula sp. are unicellular, marine-associated protists known as plant pathogens that can infect marine seagrass meadows and other marine organisms.

Lace-Compression Syndrome

Lace-Compression Syndrome refers to nerve and tissue damage caused by overly tight shoelaces. It causes numbness, tingling, and pain on the top of the foot.

Lack of drive

Listlessness describes a state of reduced physical and mental energy in which even everyday tasks are perceived as overwhelming or stressful.

Lacrimal Gland

The lacrimal gland is an exocrine gland that produces tear fluid, keeping the surface of the eye moist, nourished, and protected.

Lactase

An enzyme that breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose. It is important for the digestion of dairy products and is used to treat lactose intolerance.

Lactate

Lactate is a metabolic byproduct formed during energy production without sufficient oxygen. It plays a key role in sports medicine, emergency care, and critical care.

Lactate Dehydrogenase

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an enzyme found in nearly all body cells and plays a key role in energy metabolism. Elevated LDH levels in the blood can indicate tissue damage or disease.

Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency

Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency is a rare inherited metabolic disorder in which the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase does not function adequately, leading to exercise intolerance and muscle pain.

Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevation

Lactate dehydrogenase elevation refers to abnormally high LDH levels in the blood, which can indicate tissue damage, inflammation, or various underlying medical conditions.

Lactate dehydrogenase therapy

Lactate dehydrogenase therapy refers to therapeutic approaches targeting the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) to treat metabolic disorders and cancer.

Lactate Kinase Activity

Lactate kinase activity refers to the enzymatic activity involved in lactate metabolism. It plays a key role in energy production in muscle and body cells.

Lactate Kinase Diagnostics

Lactate kinase diagnostics refers to laboratory methods used to measure lactate and creatine kinase in the blood. These tests help detect muscle damage, heart attacks, and metabolic disorders.

Lactate Kinetics

Lactate kinetics describes how blood lactate levels change over time – a key parameter in critical care medicine and sports medicine.

Lactate Measurement

Lactate measurement is a diagnostic procedure used to determine the concentration of lactate in the blood. It helps assess tissue oxygenation and is widely used in emergency medicine and sports diagnostics.

Lactate Metabolism

Lactate metabolism describes the production, transport, and breakdown of lactate in the human body – a key process during physical exertion and energy supply.

Lactate Metabolism Markers

Lactate metabolism markers are laboratory values that reflect the production and clearance of lactate in the body, used to assess tissue oxygenation and energy metabolism.

Lactate Metabolism Optimization

Lactate metabolism optimization refers to strategies that improve the production, transport, and utilization of lactate in the body, relevant for sports, rehabilitation, and metabolic conditions.

Lactate Production

Lactate production refers to the formation of lactate in the body, especially during intense physical exercise or oxygen deficiency. It is a key process in energy metabolism.

Lactate production analysis

Lactate production analysis measures the amount of lactate produced by the body, providing key insights into metabolism, physical performance, and potential medical conditions.

Lactate Tolerance

Lactate tolerance describes the body's ability to efficiently manage and clear lactic acid produced during intense physical exercise, enabling sustained high-level performance.

Lactate Tolerance Markers

Lactate tolerance markers are biochemical indicators that reflect the body's ability to produce, transport, and metabolize lactate efficiently. They are key tools in sports medicine and critical care.

Lactate tolerance optimization

Lactate tolerance optimization refers to targeted training that improves the body's ability to buffer, tolerate, and clear lactate, enabling higher performance during intense exercise.

Lactate tolerance test

The lactate tolerance test is a diagnostic procedure used to assess the body's ability to process lactate, commonly applied in sports and performance medicine.

Lactation Consulting

Lactation consulting supports breastfeeding mothers with questions and challenges related to nursing. Certified professionals help establish and maintain a successful breastfeeding relationship.

Lactic acid

Lactic acid (lactate) is an organic acid produced naturally in the body during energy metabolism. It plays a key role in muscle physiology, diagnostics, and food production.

Lactic Acid Bacteria

Milchsäurebakterien sind eine Gruppe von Mikroorganismen, die Milchsäure aus Zucker produzieren.

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Lactic acid fermentation is a natural process in which sugars are converted into lactic acid by bacteria. It plays a key role in food production and in the metabolism of the human body.

Lactic Acidosis

Lactic acidosis is a dangerous condition in which lactic acid builds up in the bloodstream, causing the blood to become too acidic. It requires immediate medical attention.

Lactic Acidosis Markers

Lactic acidosis markers are diagnostic parameters measured in the blood that indicate dangerous over-acidification of the body due to elevated lactate levels. They are essential for early detection and monitoring of critical conditions.

Lactic acidosis prophylaxis

Lactic acidosis prophylaxis includes measures to prevent a dangerous build-up of lactic acid in the blood. It is especially important in high-risk patients taking certain medications or with underlying conditions.

Lactic Acidosis Therapy

Lactic acidosis therapy encompasses all medical measures to treat a dangerous drop in blood pH caused by elevated lactate levels. Treatment focuses on eliminating the underlying cause and restoring metabolic balance.

Lactitol

Lactitol (E966) is a low-calorie sugar substitute derived from lactose, used in food production and medicine. It acts as a mild laxative and is suitable for people with diabetes.

Lacto-N-Tetraose

Lacto-N-Tetraose (LNT) is a naturally occurring human milk oligosaccharide that promotes beneficial gut bacteria growth and supports the immune development of infants.

Lactobacillus

A genus of probiotic bacteria known for their positive effects on intestinal health and the immune system. They help with digestion and the fight against harmful microorganisms.

Lactobacillus acidophilus

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a probiotic lactic acid bacterium naturally found in the gut that supports digestive health and the immune system.

Lactobacillus Strain

A Lactobacillus strain is a specific, genetically defined variant of the Lactobacillus genus, used as a probiotic to support gut health, vaginal flora, and immune function.

Lactococcus

Lactococcus is a genus of lactic acid-producing bacteria with probiotic potential. Used in yoghurt, intestinal health, immune modulation and skin care - versatile and functional.

Lactoferrin Bioavailability

Lactoferrin bioavailability refers to how efficiently lactoferrin is absorbed and utilized by the body after ingestion. It is key to the protein´s immunological and antimicrobial effectiveness.

Lactoferrin CLN®

Lactoferrin CLN® is a highly pure, bioactive protein to support iron deficiency, infections and intestinal diseases - immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory and versatile.

Lactoferrin Supplement

A lactoferrin supplement refers to the targeted addition of lactoferrin to foods or dietary supplements to support immune function and iron absorption.

Lactoperoxidase

Lactoperoxidase is a natural enzyme with an antimicrobial effect that protects mucous membranes and supports the immune defence. Find out more about its functions, areas of application and mechanism of action.

Lactose

Lactose is the natural sugar in dairy products. Find out what happens in the body with lactose intolerance, which symptoms are typical and how a lactose-free diet can help.

Lactose Intolerance

Laktoseintoleranz bezeichnet die Unverträglichkeit von Milchzucker (Laktose), die durch einen Mangel am Enzym Laktase im Dünndarm entsteht.

Lactose intolerance symptoms

Lactose intolerance symptoms include bloating, abdominal pain and diarrhea after consuming dairy products. Learn which complaints are typical and how to manage them.

lactose intolerance test

The lactose intolerance test is a diagnostic procedure used to determine whether a person is unable to properly digest lactose, the sugar found in milk and dairy products.

lactose intolerance weight gain

Can lactose intolerance cause weight gain? Learn how milk sugar intolerance may affect your metabolism and contribute to changes in body weight.

Lactotransferrin

Lactotransferrin is an iron-binding protein that plays an important role in iron metabolism and immune defence.

Lactulose

Lactulose is a synthetic disaccharide used as a laxative and in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. It acts osmotically in the colon and is not absorbed by the body.

Lady’s Mantle

Frauenmantel (Alchemilla vulgaris) ist eine altbewährte Heilpflanze in der Frauenheilkunde und wird traditionell bei Menstruationsbeschwerden, Zyklusstörungen, bei Kinderwunsch oder in den Wechseljahren eingesetzt.

Lagophthalmos

Lagophthalmos is the inability to fully close the eyelid. This can expose the cornea to dryness and damage, requiring prompt medical attention.

LAIV

LAIV (Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine) is a nasal spray flu vaccine containing weakened live influenza viruses, used primarily in children and adolescents.

Laminectomy

A laminectomy is a spinal surgical procedure in which part of the vertebral arch is removed to widen the spinal canal and relieve pressure on nerves.

Lancefield Classification

The Lancefield classification is a microbiological system for grouping beta-hemolytic streptococci based on carbohydrate antigens in their cell wall, divided into groups A through W.

Language Development

Language development is the natural process by which children learn to speak, understand, and use language. It begins in infancy and progresses through well-defined developmental stages.

Lanz Point

The Lanz point is an anatomical pressure point in the right lower abdomen used to detect appendicitis. It lies between the right and middle third of the line connecting both anterior superior iliac spines.

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure to remove the gallbladder. It is the gold standard treatment for gallstones and offers faster recovery than open surgery.

Laparoscopic Prostatectomy

Laparoscopic prostatectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure to remove the prostate gland, most commonly used to treat prostate cancer. Small incisions and a camera allow for a gentle and precise operation.

Laparoscopy

Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to examine and treat the abdominal cavity. Small incisions are made and a camera is inserted to guide the surgeon.

Large Intestine Function

The large intestine is responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes, forming solid stool, and housing the gut microbiome that supports digestion and immunity.

Laryngeal cancer

Laryngeal cancer is a malignant tumor of the larynx (voice box), most commonly linked to smoking and alcohol use. When detected early, treatment outcomes are generally very good.

Laryngeal Cancer Symptoms

Laryngeal cancer symptoms include persistent hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, and neck swelling. Early detection significantly improves treatment outcomes.

Laryngitis

Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx, most commonly caused by viral infections, vocal strain, or irritants, and is characterized by hoarseness or loss of voice.

Laryngitis in Children

Laryngitis in children is an inflammation of the larynx often causing hoarseness, a barking cough, and breathing difficulties. Learn about causes, symptoms, and treatment options.

Laryngitis Symptoms

Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx that typically causes hoarseness, voice loss, and a sore throat. Learn about the key symptoms and when to seek medical advice.

Lasea

Lasea is a herbal medicinal product containing lavender oil (Silexan), used to treat restlessness and anxious mood in adults.

Lasègue Sign

The Lasègue sign is a clinical test used to detect sciatica or a herniated disc. A positive result occurs when raising the straightened leg causes radiating pain along the sciatic nerve.

Lasik

LASIK is a laser-assisted eye surgery used to permanently correct nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. The procedure is quick, nearly painless, and highly effective.

Lassa-Fieber

Lassa-Fieber ist eine durch Nagetiere übertragene Viruserkrankung mit hämorrhagischem Verlauf. Erfahre alles über Symptome, Risiken, Therapie und Schutzmaßnahmen gegen das Virus in Westafrika.

Late-Phase Reaction

A late-phase reaction is a delayed immune response that occurs hours to days after exposure to a triggering substance. It is commonly associated with allergies and hypersensitivity.

Latency Period

The latency period is the time between a triggering event and the appearance of a measurable response, such as the interval between infection and onset of disease.

Latent Iron Binding Capacity

The latent iron binding capacity (LIBC) is a laboratory value that indicates how much additional iron the blood can still absorb. It is used to diagnose iron deficiency or iron overload.

Lateral Ankle Ligament Tear

A lateral ankle ligament tear is a complete rupture of the outer ligaments of the ankle joint. It is most often caused by rolling the ankle inward and is one of the most common sports injuries.

Lateral Diffusion

Lateral diffusion refers to the sideways movement of molecules within the plane of a cell membrane. It is a fundamental process in membrane biology.

Lateral Malleolus

The lateral malleolus is the bony prominence on the outer side of the ankle, formed by the lower end of the fibula. It stabilizes the ankle joint and is a common site of injury.

Lateral mass fracture

A lateral mass fracture is a break in the bony lateral blocks of the first cervical vertebra (atlas, C1). It is often caused by axial compression and requires prompt imaging and assessment.

Lateral Neck Cyst

A lateral neck cyst is a congenital, benign fluid-filled sac on the side of the neck, arising from remnants of embryonic branchial arch tissue. It is often first noticed in childhood or early adulthood.

Lateral Pharyngitis

Lateral pharyngitis is an inflammation of the lateral bands of the throat lining. It causes sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and often occurs after tonsil removal.

Lateral Rectus Muscle

The lateral rectus muscle is one of six extraocular muscles responsible for moving the eye outward. It is innervated by the abducens nerve (cranial nerve VI).

Lauric Acid

Lauric acid is a saturated medium-chain fatty acid found predominantly in coconut oil and palm kernel oil. It is widely studied for its antimicrobial and metabolic properties.

Laxative Enzyme

A laxative enzyme is an enzyme that supports digestion and stimulates bowel movement to relieve constipation. Such enzymes are used in dietary supplements and medical preparations.

Laxative Tea

Laxative tea is an herbal tea used to relieve occasional constipation. It contains natural plant compounds that stimulate bowel movement and help ease stool passage.

Laxatives

Laxatives are substances that promote bowel movements and are used to relieve constipation. They are available over the counter in several different classes.

LDL

LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) ist ein Transportmolekül für Cholesterin im Blut und spielt eine zentrale Rolle im Fettstoffwechsel.

ldl cholesterol

LDL cholesterol is known as bad cholesterol. High levels can lead to plaque buildup in arteries, increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke.

Le Fort Osteotomy

Le Fort osteotomy is an oral and maxillofacial surgical procedure to correct misalignments of the upper jaw. Depending on the type, different bone levels of the midface are cut and repositioned.

Lead

Lead is a toxic heavy metal widely present in the environment and can enter the human body through air, water, soil, and food.

Leading Symptom

A leading symptom is the dominant clinical sign that guides a physician toward a specific diagnosis. It forms the foundation of the medical diagnostic process.

Leaky Gut

Leaky gut refers to increased intestinal permeability, where the gut lining becomes weakened and allows harmful substances to enter the bloodstream, potentially triggering inflammation.

Leaky Gut Syndrome

Leaky gut syndrome, also known as "permeable bowel", describes a disease in which the intestinal mucosa is damaged and the barrier function of the intestine is disrupted as a result.

Leaky Gut Test

The leaky gut test evaluates the permeability of the intestinal lining. It helps identify increased intestinal permeability, commonly known as leaky gut syndrome.

Lecithin

Lecithin ist eine natürliche Fettverbindung (Phospholipid), die in allen Zellmembranen des Körpers vorkommt und eine entscheidende Rolle für den Fettstoffwechsel, die Zellstruktur und die Gehirnfunktion spielt.

Ledderhose disease

Ledderhose disease is a benign condition of the foot in which fibrous nodules develop in the plantar fascia. These nodules can cause pain when walking or standing.

Leech Therapy

Die Blutegeltherapie ist ein traditionelles naturheilkundliches Verfahren, das seit Jahrhunderten zur Behandlung von Entzündungen, Schmerzen und Durchblutungsstörungen eingesetzt wird.

Left Bundle Branch Block

Left bundle branch block is a cardiac conduction disorder in which the electrical impulse is delayed or blocked in the left branch of the heart conduction system.

Leg

The leg is the lower extremity of the human body, comprising the thigh, knee, lower leg, and foot. It enables locomotion, stability, and weight transfer.

Leg Length Discrepancy

Leg length discrepancy occurs when one leg is shorter than the other. It can cause pain, postural problems, and gait abnormalities if left untreated.

Leg Muscle Biopsy

A leg muscle biopsy is a diagnostic procedure in which a small tissue sample is taken from a leg muscle to investigate muscle diseases and unexplained muscle weakness.

Leg Vein Disease

Leg vein disorders like varicose veins can cause pain and swelling. Learn how supplements like OPC or horse chestnut support vein health.

Leg Venous System

The leg venous system carries deoxygenated blood from the legs back to the heart. It consists of superficial, deep, and perforating veins.

Legionella Pneumonia

Legionella pneumonia is a severe bacterial lung infection caused by Legionella bacteria. It typically occurs after inhaling contaminated water droplets from artificial water systems.

Legionella pneumophila

Legionella pneumophila is a gram-negative waterborne bacterium that causes Legionnaires disease, a severe form of pneumonia. Infection occurs through inhaling contaminated water droplets.

Legionellen

Legionellen sind wasserliebende Bakterien, die sich in technischen Wassersystemen vermehren und beim Menschen schwere Atemwegsinfektionen auslösen können.

Legionellosis

Legionellosis is a bacterial infection caused by Legionella bacteria, primarily affecting the lungs. It is transmitted by inhaling contaminated water droplets or aerosols.

Leiden factor 5

Factor V Leiden is a genetic mutation that increases the risk of blood clots. It is the most common hereditary cause of excessive blood clotting (thrombophilia).

Leishmaniasis dog

Canine leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by sandfly bites, affecting a dog's skin, organs, and immune system. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for managing the condition effectively.

Lemon Balm

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) is a medicinal herb known for its calming properties. It is traditionally used for stress, sleep problems, and digestive complaints.

Lemongrass

Lemongrass is an aromatic medicinal plant with digestive, antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory properties. Learn about its active compounds, applications and safety.

Lens Lectin

Lens lectin (LCA) is a plant-derived carbohydrate-binding protein from lentil seeds used in biomedical research, diagnostics, and glycoprotein analysis.

Lenvatinib

Lenvatinib is a prescription cancer medication that inhibits tumor growth by blocking key signaling pathways. It is used to treat several types of advanced cancer.

Lenzmann Line

The Lenzmann line is an anatomical reference line used in radiology to assess the geometry of the shoulder joint. It helps identify malalignment and instability of the glenohumeral joint.

Lenzmann Point

The Lenzmann point is a clinical pressure point on the abdomen used in physical examination to help diagnose appendicitis and other right lower abdominal conditions.

Leopold Maneuvers

The Leopold maneuvers are four standardized abdominal palpation techniques used during pregnancy to assess the position, presentation, and size of the unborn baby.

leptin deficiency symptoms

Leptin deficiency causes extreme hunger, uncontrolled weight gain, and metabolic disorders. Learn about the symptoms, causes, and treatment options available.

Leptin Resistance

Leptin resistance is a metabolic condition in which the body no longer responds adequately to the satiety hormone leptin, often contributing to obesity and metabolic disorders.

Lercanidipine

Lercanidipine is a calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure. It relaxes blood vessels and effectively lowers blood pressure.

Leschke Syndrome

Leschke syndrome is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by skin pigmentation abnormalities, diabetes mellitus, and autonomic nervous system dysfunction affecting multiple glands.

Lesion

A lesion is any area of tissue that has been damaged or altered by disease, injury, or external factors. The term is used across virtually all medical specialties.

Lethal Dose

The lethal dose is the amount of a substance that causes death in a defined population. It is a key measure in toxicology and pharmacology.

Leucine

Leucine is an essential amino acid that the body cannot produce on its own. It plays a key role in muscle building and protein synthesis.

Leukämie

Leukämie ist eine bösartige Erkrankung des blutbildenden Systems, bei der es zu einer unkontrollierten Vermehrung unreifer weißer Blutkörperchen kommt.

Leukocoria

Leukocoria refers to a whitish reflex in the pupil of the eye, which can indicate serious ocular conditions. Immediate ophthalmological evaluation is strongly recommended.

Leukocyte Infiltration

Leukocyte infiltration describes the migration of white blood cells into tissue in response to inflammation or infection. It is a key component of the immune response.

Leukocyte Migration

Leukocyte migration describes the directed movement of white blood cells from the bloodstream into surrounding tissue – a key process of the immune defense.

Leukocyte morphology

Leukocyte morphology refers to the microscopic evaluation of white blood cells. It is a key diagnostic tool in haematology for detecting blood disorders and infections.

leukocytes coffee

Coffee can influence leukocyte levels in the blood. Learn how caffeine and other compounds in coffee affect the immune system and white blood cells.

Leukopenia

Leukopenia refers to an abnormally low count of white blood cells. It weakens the immune system and increases susceptibility to infections.

Leukoplakia

Leukoplakia refers to white patches on mucous membranes, most commonly inside the mouth. It is considered a potentially malignant lesion requiring early diagnosis and monitoring.

Leukorrhea

Leukorrhea refers to a whitish or yellowish vaginal discharge. It can be a normal physiological occurrence or a sign of infection.

Leukotriene Inhibitors

Leukotriene inhibitors are medications that block inflammatory signaling molecules called leukotrienes. They are primarily used to treat asthma and allergic rhinitis.

Leukotrienes

Leukotrienes are pro-inflammatory signaling molecules produced by the immune system, playing a key role in asthma, allergies, and other inflammatory conditions.

Leukozyten

Leukozyten, umgangssprachlich als weiße Blutkörperchen bezeichnet, sind essenzielle Zellen des Immunsystems.

Leuprolide

Leuprolide (leuprorelin) is a GnRH agonist medication that lowers testosterone and estrogen levels, used to treat hormone-sensitive conditions such as prostate cancer and endometriosis.

levetiracetam

Levetiracetam is an antiepileptic drug used to treat epilepsy. It reduces seizure frequency and is approved for use in adults and children.

Levothyroxine

Levothyroxine is a synthetic thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism. It replaces the naturally produced hormone thyroxine in the body.

Lichen sclerosus

Lichen sclerosus ist eine chronisch-entzündliche Hauterkrankung, die vor allem den Genital- und Analbereich betrifft.

Ligament Injury

A ligament injury refers to the stretching, partial tearing, or complete rupture of a ligament. It commonly results from sudden twisting or overextension and most often affects the ankle or knee joint.

Ligament instability

Ligament instability refers to excessive joint movement caused by damaged or overstretched ligaments. It can lead to pain, swelling, and an increased risk of falls.

Ligament Sprain

A ligament sprain occurs when ligaments are overstretched, most commonly at the ankle or knee. It causes pain and swelling but generally heals well with proper treatment.

Ligament Tear Foot

A ligament tear in the foot is a complete rupture of one or more ligaments, often caused by twisting the ankle. Learn about causes, symptoms, and treatment options.

Ligamentum capitis femoris

The ligamentum capitis femoris is an intra-articular ligament of the hip joint connecting the femoral head to the acetabulum, contributing to joint stability and blood supply.

Ligamentum Costoxiphoideus

The ligamentum costoxiphoideus is a ligament of the thorax connecting the xiphoid process of the sternum to the adjacent rib cartilages, contributing to the structural stability of the chest wall.

Ligamentum hepatoduodenale

The ligamentum hepatoduodenale is a peritoneal fold in the abdominal cavity connecting the liver and duodenum. It contains key structures including the bile duct, portal vein, and hepatic artery.

Ligamentum hepatogastricum

The ligamentum hepatogastricum is a peritoneal fold connecting the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach, forming the left portion of the lesser omentum.

Ligamentum phrenicocolicum

The ligamentum phrenicocolicum is a peritoneal fold connecting the diaphragm to the left colic flexure, supporting the spleen from below.

Ligation

Ligation is a surgical technique in which a thread or loop is tied around a vessel or tissue to stop bleeding or permanently close a structure.

Limbus acetabuli

The limbus acetabuli is the fibrocartilaginous rim of the hip socket that surrounds the femoral head, deepening the joint and contributing to hip stability.

Limitation

A limitation refers to the reduction or partial loss of a physical, mental, or functional ability. It can result from illness, injury, or age-related changes and affects quality of life.

Lincosamide

Lincosamides are a class of antibiotics used against gram-positive bacteria and anaerobes. They inhibit bacterial protein synthesis and are used to treat skin, bone, and respiratory tract infections.

Lingual Tonsil

The lingual tonsil is lymphatic tissue located at the base of the tongue. It forms part of the immune system and can become inflamed, causing throat and swallowing problems.

Lining-up Phenomenon

The lining-up phenomenon describes the repetitive behavior of arranging objects in rows or lines, commonly seen in autism spectrum disorder. It is considered an early indicator of developmental differences.

Linoleic Acid

Linoleic acid is an essential omega-6 fatty acid that the human body cannot produce on its own and must therefore be obtained through diet. It plays a key role in cell membranes, inflammatory processes, and fat metabolism.

Lipase

Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol. It is important for fat digestion and absorption in the body.

Lipemia

Lipemia refers to an elevated concentration of fats in the blood, causing a milky or turbid appearance of blood serum. It may indicate an underlying metabolic disorder.

Lipfiller

Lipfiller bezeichnen injektionsbasierte Füllsubstanzen, die zur Volumenvergrößerung, Konturierung oder Hydration der Lippen eingesetzt werden.

Lipid Barrier

The lipid barrier is a natural layer of fats on the skin that protects against moisture loss and external irritants, playing a key role in maintaining healthy skin.

Lipid Infusion

A lipid infusion is an intravenous administration of fat emulsions used for nutritional support or medical treatment. It is primarily used in parenteral nutrition and lipid rescue therapy.

Lipid kinase

Lipid kinases are enzymes that chemically modify lipids through phosphorylation, thereby controlling key signaling pathways inside cells. They play a central role in metabolism, cell growth, and immune function.

Lipid Membrane

The lipid membrane is the fundamental envelope of every biological cell. It consists of a double layer of fat molecules and controls the transport of substances into and out of the cell.

Lipid Metabolism

Lipid metabolism encompasses all processes by which fats are absorbed, transported, converted, and used in the body. It is essential for energy supply and overall health.

Lipid metabolism diagnostics

Lipid metabolism diagnostics involves blood tests to measure cholesterol and triglyceride levels. It helps detect cardiovascular risk factors and lipid disorders at an early stage.

Lipid Metabolism Disorder

A lipid metabolism disorder is an abnormal change in blood fat levels, such as elevated cholesterol or triglycerides. It significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Lipid metabolism kinetics

Lipid metabolism kinetics describes the time-dependent processes and rates of biochemical reactions in fat metabolism, from lipid absorption to transport and breakdown in the body.

Lipid Metabolism Markers

Lipid metabolism markers are blood values that reflect the body´s fat metabolism and indicate the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Lipid Metabolism Optimization

Lipid metabolism optimization refers to targeted measures to improve the balance of fats in the blood. The goal is a healthy cholesterol and triglyceride profile to protect cardiovascular health.

Lipid Metabolism Optimization Markers

Lipid metabolism optimization markers are laboratory values that measure the state and efficiency of fat metabolism in the body and are used to optimize lipid health.

Lipid Metabolism Regulation

Lipid metabolism regulation controls how the body absorbs, transports, stores, and breaks down fats. It plays a key role in energy balance, cardiovascular health, and hormone production.

Lipid Oxidation Markers

Lipid oxidation markers are measurable substances in blood or tissue that indicate oxidative damage to fats and serve as biomarkers for oxidative stress in the body.

Lipid Panel

A lipid panel is a blood test that measures different types of fats in the blood. It helps assess the risk of heart disease and cardiovascular conditions.

Lipid Panel Analysis

A lipid panel analysis is a blood test that measures cholesterol and triglyceride levels to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Lipid Peroxidation

Lipid peroxidation is the oxidative degradation of fats in cell membranes caused by free radicals. It plays a key role in aging and the development of many chronic diseases.

Lipid Peroxidation Markers

Lipid peroxidation markers are measurable substances in blood or tissue that indicate oxidative stress. They help detect cell damage caused by free radicals at an early stage.

Lipid Peroxidation Protection

Lipid peroxidation protection refers to biological mechanisms and substances that shield cell membranes from oxidative damage caused by free radicals, keeping cells healthy.

Lipid-Lowering Agents

Lipid-lowering agents are medications used to reduce elevated blood fat levels such as cholesterol or triglycerides, thereby lowering the risk of heart attack and stroke.

Lipids

Lipids are fat-like molecules that serve as energy sources, cell membrane components, and signaling substances. They include fats, oils, cholesterol, and phospholipids.

Lipödem

Ein Lipödem ist eine chronische, schmerzhafte Fettverteilungsstörung, die fast ausschließlich Frauen betrifft.

Lipofuscin

Lipofuscin is a yellowish-brown age pigment that accumulates in cells over time and serves as a marker of cellular stress and aging processes.

Lipogenesis

Lipogenesis is the biochemical process by which the body converts carbohydrates and other nutrients into fatty acids and fat tissue. It plays a key role in energy metabolism.

Lipolysis

Lipolysis is the biochemical process by which stored fats are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol, which the body then uses as an energy source.

Lipom

Ein Lipom ist eine gutartige Fettgeschwulst, die aus Fettzellen (Adipozyten) besteht und sich unter der Haut bildet. Lipome sind die häufigsten gutartigen Weichteiltumoren und in den meisten Fällen völlig harmlos. Sie wachsen langsam, sind weich und verschieblich und verursachen in der Regel keine Schmerzen.

Lipopolysaccharide

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a key component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria and is a potent activator of the human immune system, playing a central role in infections and inflammatory responses.

Lipoprotein a

Lipoprotein(a) is a blood lipid particle that is largely determined by genetics and can significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Lipoprotein Lipase

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a key enzyme in fat metabolism that breaks down triglycerides from the bloodstream, supplying muscles and fatty tissue with energy.

Lipoprotein Metabolism

Lipoprotein metabolism describes how fats are transported and processed in the blood. Disruptions can significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Lipoproteins

Lipoproteins are transport molecules in the blood that carry fats and cholesterol throughout the body. They play a key role in cardiovascular health.

Liposarcoma

Liposarcomas are rare malignant fatty tissue tumours with various subtypes;

Liposomal

Liposomal technology is an innovative method for improving the bioavailability of nutrients.

Liraglutide

Liraglutide is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity. It mimics the gut hormone GLP-1, helping to lower blood sugar and reduce appetite.

Lisdexamfetamine

Lisdexamfetamine is a prescription medication used to treat ADHD and binge eating disorder. It belongs to the amphetamine class of drugs.

Listerien

Listerien sind Bakterien der Gattung Listeria, die in Lebensmitteln vorkommen können und insbesondere die Krankheit Listeriose verursachen.

Listeriosis

Listeriosis is a bacterial infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes, transmitted through contaminated food, and particularly dangerous for pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals.

Lithic Acid

Uric acid is a natural metabolic byproduct formed during the breakdown of purines. Elevated levels in the blood can lead to gout and kidney stones.

Lithium

Lithium ist ein Spurenelement, das in sehr geringen Mengen im Körper vorkommt und über Trinkwasser und pflanzliche Lebensmittel aufgenommen wird.

Lithium Orotate

Lithium orotate is a compound of lithium and orotic acid used as a dietary supplement, believed to support mood stability and offer neuroprotective benefits.

Lithopedion

A lithopedion is a deceased fetus that calcifies inside the body and may remain undetected for years or even decades. It is an extremely rare medical phenomenon.

Liver Biopsy

A liver biopsy is a medical procedure in which a small sample of liver tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to diagnose and evaluate liver conditions.

Liver cell activation

Liver cell activation refers to the stimulation of liver cells (hepatocytes) to enhance their metabolic and regenerative functions. It is key to overall liver health.

Liver Cell Detoxification

Liver cell detoxification refers to the biochemical processes by which liver cells neutralize and eliminate harmful substances. It is essential for the health of the entire body.

Liver Cell Markers

Liver cell markers are laboratory values that provide information about the condition of liver cells. Elevated levels may indicate damage or disease of the liver.

Liver Cell Protection

Liver cell protection refers to measures and substances that shield liver cells from damage and support their regeneration. It plays a key role in maintaining overall liver health.

Liver Cell Regeneration

Liver cell regeneration refers to the liver´s remarkable ability to renew damaged or lost liver cells (hepatocytes) through cell division, restoring normal organ function after injury.

Liver Cell Therapy

Liver cell therapy is a medical procedure in which healthy liver cells are transplanted into a patient to restore or support liver function in cases of liver disease.

Liver Cell Therapy Profile

The liver cell therapy profile is a diagnostic panel of laboratory values used to assess the health and function of liver cells. It helps detect liver damage at an early stage.

Liver cirrhosis

Liver cirrhosis is a chronic and progressive disease of the liver in which healthy liver tissue is replaced by scar tissue.

Liver cirrhosis curable

Can liver cirrhosis be cured? Learn about available treatments, how the disease can be slowed, and when a liver transplant may be necessary.

Liver cleanse

Eine Leberkur beschreibt zeitlich begrenzte Maßnahmen aus Ernährung und Lebensstil, die die normale Funktion der Leber unterstützen sollen.

Liver Cyst

A liver cyst is a fluid-filled cavity within the liver. Most liver cysts are benign and do not cause any symptoms.

Liver Detox Protocol

A liver detox protocol is a structured plan to support the liver's natural detoxification functions through targeted nutrition, lifestyle changes, and key nutrients.

Liver detoxification

An unhealthy diet, alcohol, environmental toxins and stress can overload the liver. Regular detoxification of the liver can help to relieve this important organ and promote general health.

Liver Fat Regeneration

Liver fat regeneration refers to the liver´s ability to recover from abnormal fat accumulation (fatty liver disease) and restore its normal function.

Liver Function Analysis

A liver function analysis is a group of blood tests that assess the health and performance of the liver. It measures key liver markers and helps detect liver disease at an early stage.

Liver Function Markers

Liver function markers are blood test values that provide information about the health and function of the liver. They help doctors detect and monitor liver diseases at an early stage.

Liver Function Optimization

Liver function optimization refers to targeted measures that support and improve liver health through nutrition, lifestyle changes, and specific supplements.

Liver Function Regeneration

Liver function regeneration refers to the liver´s remarkable ability to repair damaged tissue and restore its vital functions. It is a key process in hepatology and liver medicine.

Liver Function Test

A liver function test is a blood test used to assess the health and functioning of the liver. It measures key enzymes, proteins, and substances in the blood.

liver function tests laboratory

Liver function tests are blood tests used to assess the health and function of the liver. They help detect and monitor liver diseases at an early stage.

Liver Inflammation Markers

Liver inflammation markers are blood values that indicate inflammation or damage to the liver. They help doctors detect and monitor liver diseases at an early stage.

Liver Metabolism

Liver metabolism encompasses all biochemical processes of the liver, including detoxification, nutrient processing, and production of vital substances.

Liver Regeneration

Liver regeneration refers to the remarkable ability of the liver to restore lost or damaged tissue on its own, making it the most regenerative internal organ in the human body.

Liver Remodeling Markers

Liver remodeling markers are laboratory values that indicate remodeling processes in liver tissue and are used in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis.

Liver Rupture

A liver rupture is a tear or laceration of the liver, most commonly caused by blunt abdominal trauma. It is a medical emergency with a risk of life-threatening internal bleeding.

Liver Values Blood

Liver values in blood tests are laboratory parameters that reflect the health and function of the liver. Abnormal results may indicate liver damage or disease.

LL-37

LL-37 is an endogenous antimicrobial peptide of the cathelicidin family that plays a central role in innate immunity and possesses immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties.

Load Management

Load management refers to the systematic planning and adjustment of physical training demands to achieve optimal health and performance outcomes while preventing overtraining and injury.

Lobar Pneumonia

Lobar pneumonia is a bacterial lung infection affecting an entire lobe of the lung. It typically presents with sudden onset and requires prompt medical treatment.

Lobotomy

A lobotomy is a historical neurosurgical procedure in which connections in the frontal lobe of the brain were severed. It is now considered obsolete and ethically unacceptable.

Local Anaesthetic

A local anaesthetic is a medication that temporarily blocks pain in a specific area of the body without affecting consciousness or general awareness.

Lochia (Postpartum Vaginal Discharge)

Lochia is the natural vaginal discharge that occurs after childbirth. It lasts approximately 4 to 6 weeks and is a normal part of the postpartum recovery process.

Löfgren Syndrome

Löfgren syndrome is an acute form of sarcoidosis characterized by fever, joint swelling, erythema nodosum, and enlarged lymph nodes in the chest.

Logorrhea

Logorrhea describes a pathological urge to talk excessively and uncontrollably. It is a common symptom of psychiatric and neurological conditions.

Löhlein Focal Nephritis

Löhlein focal nephritis is a focal, bacterially embolic inflammation of the kidney, typically occurring as a complication of bacterial endocarditis.

Long COVID

Long COVID, auch bekannt als Post-COVID-Syndrom, beschreibt eine Vielzahl von anhaltenden oder neu auftretenden Beschwerden, die Wochen bis Monate nach einer akuten COVID-19-Infektion bestehen bleiben.

Long-term blood sugar

The HbA1c value shows the average blood glucose level over the last few weeks. Find out which values are healthy and how you can lower your long-term glucose level naturally.

Long-term Effects of Tamoxifen

Long-term effects of tamoxifen are side effects that can occur after prolonged use or after discontinuation, including uterine changes, bone loss, and cardiovascular risks.

Long-term Therapy

Long-term therapy refers to ongoing medical treatment for chronic conditions. Its goals include symptom control, prevention of complications, and maintaining quality of life.

Long-term Therapy Schedule

A long-term therapy schedule is a structured medical treatment plan designed for the continuous management of chronic conditions. It defines medications, dosages, and intake intervals on an ongoing basis.

Longevity

Longevity not only describes a long life, but above all the ability to remain healthy and vital for as many years as possible.

Longevity Medicine

Longevity medicine is a field of modern medicine focused on extending the healthy human lifespan and preventing age-related diseases through evidence-based interventions.

Longevity Supplements List

Longevity supplements are dietary supplements aimed at slowing cellular aging and extending healthspan. This list provides an evidence-based overview of the most important compounds.

Loperamide

Loperamide is an antidiarrheal medication that slows intestinal movement and normalizes stool consistency. It is widely available over the counter and commonly used for acute diarrhea.

Loratadine

Loratadine is a second-generation antihistamine used to relieve allergy symptoms such as hay fever, hives, and allergic rhinitis. It is non-drowsy and available over the counter.

Lorazepam

Lorazepam is a sedative and anxiolytic medication belonging to the benzodiazepine class. It is used to treat anxiety disorders, insomnia, and seizures.

Lordosis

Lordosis refers to the natural or abnormal inward curvature of the spine, primarily in the neck and lower back. Excessive lordosis can cause pain and mobility issues.

Lorlatinib

Lorlatinib is a targeted cancer drug used to treat ALK- or ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer. It inhibits mutated kinases and effectively crosses the blood-brain barrier.

Losartan

Losartan is a blood pressure-lowering medication belonging to the class of AT1 receptor blockers. It is used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and to protect the kidneys in patients with diabetes.

Loss of elasticity

Loss of elasticity refers to the reduced ability of tissues to return to their original shape after stretching or pressure. It can affect the skin, blood vessels, lungs, and other organs.

Loss of libido

Loss of libido, i.e. the decline or absence of sexual desire, affects men and women equally and can be temporary or permanent.

Low Birth Weight

Low birth weight refers to a birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age, indicating insufficient nutrient and oxygen supply to the unborn child.

Low blood pressure

Low blood pressure (hypotension) occurs when blood pressure falls below 90/60 mmHg. It can cause dizziness, fatigue, and fainting in affected individuals.

Low blood pressure symptoms

Low blood pressure (hypotension) causes symptoms like dizziness, fatigue, and fainting. Learn which signs to watch for and when to seek medical advice.

Low blood pressure what to do

Low blood pressure (hypotension) can cause dizziness and fatigue. Learn what you can do to raise your blood pressure naturally and when to see a doctor.

Low Ferritin

Low ferritin indicates depleted iron stores in the body and may cause fatigue and iron deficiency. Learn about causes, symptoms, and treatment options.

Low Pulse

A low pulse (bradycardia) refers to a heart rate below 60 beats per minute. It can be harmless or may require medical treatment.

Low-Density Lipoprotein

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a transport molecule in the blood that carries cholesterol to body cells. Elevated LDL levels are a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Low-grade inflammation

Eine stille Entzündung ist eine chronisch niedriggradige, oft symptomarme Entzündungsreaktion im Körper, die über längere Zeit bestehen kann.

Low-Histamine Diet

A low-histamine diet helps people with histamine intolerance reduce symptoms such as headaches and skin reactions by avoiding foods high in histamine.

low-t3

Low T3 syndrome is a condition in which levels of the active thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) are reduced in the blood, typically without a primary thyroid disease being present.

Löwenzahn

Löwenzahn fördert Leber, Galle und Verdauung. Erfahre mehr über Wirkung, Inhaltsstoffe und die Nutzung in der Naturheilkunde.

lower back pain

Lower back pain is one of the most common health complaints worldwide. Learn about its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.

Lower cortisol

Cortisol is a vital hormone that is produced in the adrenal cortex and plays a central role in stress management, energy metabolism and inflammation.

lower cortisol levels

Lowering elevated cortisol levels is essential for overall health and well-being. Learn how nutrition, exercise, and stress management can help reduce cortisol naturally.

Lower high blood pressure

High blood pressure (hypertension) is one of the most common widespread diseases and a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases such as strokes and heart attacks.

Lower Leg

The lower leg is the section of the leg between the knee joint and the ankle joint. It consists of two bones, muscles, blood vessels, and nerves essential for movement and weight-bearing.

Lower Leg Muscles

The lower leg muscles include all muscles between the knee and the ankle joint. They enable foot and toe movement and are essential for walking, stability, and posture.

Lowering Blood Sugar

Lowering blood sugar refers to measures that reduce elevated glucose levels in the blood. This is especially important in diabetes mellitus to prevent long-term complications.

lowering homocysteine

Lowering homocysteine protects the heart and blood vessels. Learn what causes elevated homocysteine levels, the associated health risks, and how to reduce them through diet and targeted nutrients.

Lowering Intraocular Pressure

Lowering intraocular pressure is key to preventing and treating glaucoma. Learn which methods effectively and safely reduce eye pressure to protect your vision.

Lown Classification

The Lown classification is a medical grading system used in cardiology to assess ventricular arrhythmias based on their frequency and potential risk to the patient.

Lumbago

Ein Hexenschuss (medizinisch: Lumbago) ist ein plötzlich auftretender, stechender Schmerz im unteren Rücken, der meist bewegungsunfähig macht.

Lumbalgia

Lumbalgia refers to pain in the lower back region (lumbar spine). It is one of the most common medical complaints and can occur in acute or chronic form.

Lumbalisation

Lumbalisation is a congenital spinal variant in which the first sacral vertebra (S1) takes on the form of a lumbar vertebra, resulting in six instead of five lumbar vertebrae.

Lumbalpunktion

Eine Lumbalpunktion ist ein medizinischer Eingriff, bei dem mit einer dünnen Nadel Nervenwasser aus dem unteren Rückenmarkskanal entnommen wird.

Lumbar Disc Herniation

Lumbar disc herniation occurs when the soft inner core of a spinal disc in the lower back pushes through its outer layer, irritating nearby nerves. Common symptoms include lower back pain and leg pain.

Lumbar Spine Problems

Lumbar spine problems refer to conditions affecting the lower back and are among the most common health complaints worldwide. Causes range from muscle strain to herniated discs and degenerative changes.

Lumbar Spine Syndrome

Lumbar spine syndrome refers to pain and discomfort in the lower back region. It is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions worldwide.

Lumboischialgia

Lumboischialgia describes lower back pain that radiates into the leg along the sciatic nerve. It is often caused by a herniated disc or spinal stenosis. Learn about symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.

Lump on the Neck

A lump on the neck is a palpable or visible swelling in the neck area. Causes range from harmless swollen lymph nodes to conditions that require medical evaluation.

Lumpy-Skin-Krankheit

Die Lumpy-Skin-Krankheit ist eine anzeigepflichtige Virusinfektion bei Rindern. Erfahre alles zu Symptomen, Übertragung und Schutzmaßnahmen.

Lunar Eclipse

A lunar eclipse occurs when Earth passes directly between the sun and the moon, causing the moon to move into Earth’s shadow. This rare event can only happen during a full moon.

Lung Abscess

A lung abscess is a localized pocket of pus within the lung tissue caused by a bacterial infection. It typically presents with fever, cough, and foul-smelling sputum.

Lung Perfusion Scintigraphy

Lung perfusion scintigraphy is a nuclear medicine imaging technique used to assess blood flow through the lungs. It is primarily performed to diagnose pulmonary embolism.

Lung Scintigraphy

Lung scintigraphy is a nuclear medicine imaging technique used to assess blood flow and air distribution in the lungs. It is primarily used to diagnose pulmonary embolism.

Lung Ventilation Scintigraphy

Lung ventilation scintigraphy is a nuclear medicine imaging test that visualises airflow distribution in the lungs, commonly used to diagnose pulmonary embolism and other lung conditions.

Lungenembolie

Die Lungenembolie ist ein akuter Gefäßverschluss in der Lunge und kann lebensbedrohlich sein. Erfahre hier mehr über Ursachen, Symptome, Risikofaktoren, Diagnose und moderne Therapiemöglichkeiten.

Lupus

Lupus (medizinisch: Systemischer Lupus erythematodes, kurz SLE) ist eine chronisch-entzündliche Autoimmunerkrankung, bei der das Immunsystem körpereigene Zellen und Gewebe angreift.

lupus disease

Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks healthy tissue. It can affect the skin, joints, and internal organs.

Lupus erythematosus

Lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the body's own tissues, affecting the skin, joints, kidneys, and other organs.

lupus symptoms

Lupus symptoms include skin rash, joint pain, fatigue, and organ inflammation. Learn which signs may indicate lupus and when to seek medical advice.

Luteal Phase

Die Lutealphase ist die zweite Hälfte des weiblichen Menstruationszyklus und beginnt direkt nach dem Eisprung.

Lutein

Lutein ist ein gelb-orangefarbener Pflanzenstoff aus der Gruppe der Carotinoide, der in grünen Blattgemüsen, Mais und Eigelb vorkommt.

Luteinizing Hormone

Luteinizing hormone (LH) is a gonadotropin produced by the pituitary gland that regulates ovulation, the menstrual cycle, and testosterone production.

Luxation

A luxation is a complete dislocation of a joint, meaning the joint surfaces are no longer in contact. It requires prompt medical attention.

Lycopin

Lycopin ist ein rotes Carotinoid, das natürlicherweise in Tomaten, Wassermelonen, Grapefruits und anderen roten Früchten vorkommt.

Lycopodium

Lycopodium wird bei Verdauungsbeschwerden und Schwächezuständen eingesetzt

Lyme disease

Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is an infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Borrelia, which is mainly transmitted by tick bites.

Lyme Disease Antibiotics

Antibiotics are the standard treatment for Lyme disease. Depending on the stage and severity, different antibiotic agents are used for effective therapy.

Lyme disease blood test

A Lyme disease blood test detects antibodies against Borrelia bacteria in the blood. It is used after a tick bite or when typical symptoms of Lyme disease are present.

Lyme disease contagious

Is Lyme disease contagious? Lyme borreliosis is transmitted through tick bites and is not contagious from person to person. Learn how infection occurs and how to protect yourself.

Lyme disease curable

Is Lyme disease curable? Yes, when detected early, Lyme disease can be effectively treated with antibiotics and is curable in most cases.

Lyme Disease Doxycycline

Doxycycline is the first-line antibiotic for treating Lyme disease. It effectively targets Borrelia bacteria transmitted through tick bites.

Lyme disease erythema migrans

Erythema migrans is the hallmark early symptom of Lyme disease, appearing as an expanding red rash at the site of a tick bite.

Lyme disease joint pain

Lyme disease joint pain is caused by a Borrelia bacterial infection transmitted through tick bites. Lyme arthritis is one of the most common late-stage complications of Lyme disease.

Lyme Disease Late Effects

Lyme disease late effects are long-term complications following a Borrelia infection. They can affect the joints, nervous system, and heart, appearing weeks to years after the initial infection.

Lyme Disease Symptoms

Lyme disease symptoms include skin changes, joint pain, and neurological complaints. Early recognition is key to successful treatment and preventing complications.

Lyme Disease Test

The Lyme disease test is a blood test used to diagnose Lyme borreliosis, a tick-borne infectious disease. It detects antibodies against Borrelia bacteria in the blood.

Lyme Disease Therapy

Lyme disease therapy involves antibiotic treatment of the tick-borne infection caused by Borrelia bacteria. Early treatment leads to full recovery in most cases.

Lyme disease tick bite

Lyme disease is a bacterial infection transmitted through tick bites. Early recognition and antibiotic treatment are key to a full recovery.

Lyme Disease Treatment

Lyme disease treatment relies primarily on antibiotics. When diagnosed early, the infection can be cured completely in most cases.

Lymph Node Biopsy

A lymph node biopsy is a diagnostic procedure in which tissue is removed from a lymph node and examined in a laboratory. It helps detect conditions such as lymphoma or cancer metastases.

Lymphadenitis Colli

Lymphadenitis colli is an inflammation of the cervical lymph nodes, most commonly caused by infections. It presents with swelling and pain in the neck area.

Lymphadenopathy

Lymphadenopathy refers to the abnormal enlargement of lymph nodes. It can be caused by infections, inflammation, or serious conditions such as cancer.

Lymphangitis

Lymphangitis is an inflammation of the lymphatic vessels, most commonly caused by bacterial infections. It typically presents as red streaks on the skin spreading from the site of infection.

Lymphatic Circulation Disorder

A lymphatic circulation disorder is a condition in which the normal flow of lymph fluid through the body is impaired, leading to swelling, inflammation, and other complications.

Lymphatic Drainage

Die manuelle Lymphdrainage ist eine spezielle Form der physikalischen Therapie, bei der durch sanfte, rhythmische Massagegriffe der Abfluss von Lymphflüssigkeit im Gewebe gefördert wird.

Lymphatic Ring

The lymphatic ring is a circular arrangement of lymphoid tissue in the throat that serves as one of the body´s first lines of defense against pathogens.

Lymphdrüsen

Lymphdrüsen, medizinisch korrekt Lymphknoten, sind kleine bohnenförmige Organe des Immunsystems, die entlang der Lymphgefäße im gesamten Körper verteilt sind. 

Lymphe

Die Lymphe ist eine klare bis milchige Körperflüssigkeit, die durch das Lymphgefäßsystem zirkuliert und eine zentrale Rolle in der Immunabwehr, Gewebereinigung und dem Flüssigkeitshaushalt spielt.

Lymphedema

A lymphedema is a chronic condition caused by impaired lymphatic drainage.

Lymphocyte Activation Markers

Lymphocyte activation markers are surface molecules on immune cells that indicate whether lymphocytes have been activated by an antigen. They are essential tools in the diagnosis of immune disorders.

Lymphocyte Function

Lymphocyte function describes the roles of lymphocytes in the immune system: recognizing pathogens, producing antibodies, and protecting the body against infections and disease.

Lymphocyte Migration Study

The lymphocyte migration study is a diagnostic laboratory test that examines the migratory behavior of lymphocytes to identify immune reactions to specific substances.

Lymphocyte Multiplication

Immune cell proliferation refers to the targeted multiplication of immune cells in the body in response to infections, vaccinations, or other immunological stimuli.

Lymphocyte Proliferation

Lymphocyte proliferation refers to the division and multiplication of lymphocytes, a key group of white blood cells essential for immune defense.

Lymphocyte Subtype

Lymphocyte subtypes are specialized subgroups of white blood cells that play a central role in the immune system. They are distinguished by their surface markers and immunological functions.

Lymphocyte subtyping

Lymphocyte subtyping is a laboratory test used to identify and quantify different subgroups of lymphocytes in the blood, helping to diagnose and monitor immune system disorders.

Lymphocyte Typing

Lymphocyte typing is a laboratory method used to identify and quantify different immune cell subsets in the blood. It supports the diagnosis of immune system disorders.

Lymphocytes absolute

Absolute lymphocyte count refers to the exact number of lymphocytes per microliter of blood. It is a key part of the blood count and provides important information about immune system function.

Lymphoepithelial Organ

A lymphoepithelial organ is a tissue that combines lymphatic and epithelial cells, playing a central role in the immune system.

Lymphoid

Lymphoid refers to anything relating to lymphatic tissue or the lymphatic system. It plays a central role in the human immune system and body defense.

Lymphology

Lymphology is a medical specialty focusing on disorders of the lymphatic system, which includes lymph vessels, lymph nodes, and lymph fluid.

Lymphom

Ein Lymphom ist eine bösartige Erkrankung des lymphatischen Systems, bei der sich bestimmte weiße Blutkörperchen unkontrolliert vermehren.

Lymphopoiesis

Lymphopoiesis is the process by which lymphocytes are produced and matured in the bone marrow and lymphatic organs. It is a key process of the immune system.

Lymphozyten

Lymphozyten sind eine Untergruppe der weißen Blutkörperchen (Leukozyten) und spielen eine zentrale Rolle im spezifischen Immunsystem des Körpers.

Lysine

Lysine is an essential amino acid that the body cannot produce on its own and must obtain through diet. It plays a key role in protein synthesis, collagen formation, and immune function.

Lysogenic Cycle

The lysogenic cycle is a replication strategy of bacteriophages in which viral DNA integrates into the bacterial genome without immediately destroying the host cell.

Lysogeny

Lysogeny is a mechanism by which a virus integrates its genetic material into the genome of a host cell without immediately destroying it.

Lysophospholipids

Lysophospholipids are bioactive lipid molecules derived from phospholipids that play key roles in cell membrane structure, cell signaling, and digestion.

Lysosome

Lysosomes are small cellular organelles that act as the digestive center of the cell. They break down waste materials, foreign substances, and damaged structures using specialized enzymes.

Lysozyme

Lysozyme is a naturally occurring enzyme that is found in many body fluids such as saliva, tear fluid, nasal secretions and breast milk, as well as in protein.

Lyssa

Lyssa (rabies) is a life-threatening viral disease transmitted through the bite of infected animals, affecting the central nervous system.

Die neusten Einträge

3 Posts in this encyclopedia category

Charcoal tablets diarrhea

Charcoal tablets for diarrhea: activated charcoal binds toxins in the gut and can relieve acute diarrhea episodes. Learn how charcoal tablets work and when to use them.

Fire Jellyfish

The fire jellyfish is a jellyfish species whose tentacles can cause painful skin reactions on contact. Learn about symptoms, first aid, and treatment options.

Monogamous

Monogamous describes a relationship model in which a person is exclusively partnered with one other person. It is the most widely practiced relationship form worldwide.