E1452 – Starch Aluminium Octenyl Succinate Explained
E1452 (starch aluminium octenyl succinate) is a chemically modified starch-based food additive used as an emulsifier, stabiliser, and carrier in food and pharmaceutical products.
Things worth knowing about "E1452"
E1452 (starch aluminium octenyl succinate) is a chemically modified starch-based food additive used as an emulsifier, stabiliser, and carrier in food and pharmaceutical products.
What is E1452?
E1452, also known as starch aluminium octenyl succinate, is a chemically modified food additive produced by esterifying starch with octenylsuccinic anhydride and subsequent formation of an aluminium salt. It belongs to the group of modified starches and is authorised as a food additive in the European Union. E1452 is primarily used as an emulsifier, stabiliser, and carrier substance in various food and pharmaceutical applications.
Production and Chemical Properties
E1452 is derived from natural starch sources such as maize, wheat, or potato, which are chemically modified. The introduction of octenylsuccinate groups and the formation of an aluminium salt give the starch amphiphilic properties -- meaning it has both water-soluble and fat-soluble characteristics. This makes E1452 particularly effective at stabilising emulsions and encapsulating fat-soluble compounds within aqueous systems.
Use in the Food Industry
E1452 is used in a wide range of food applications:
- Microencapsulation: E1452 acts as a wall material for encapsulating sensitive flavourings, vitamins, fish oils, and other bioactive substances, protecting them from oxidation and degradation.
- Emulsification: It stabilises oil-in-water emulsions and prevents phase separation in beverages, sauces, and other liquid foods.
- Carrier substance: E1452 is used as a carrier for flavours, colorants, and nutrient preparations to ensure their even distribution in food products.
- Fat replacement: Due to its texture-providing properties, E1452 can be used in certain fat-reduced products.
Use in the Pharmaceutical Industry
In the pharmaceutical sector, E1452 is used as an excipient in tablets, capsules, and other dosage forms. It serves as a binder, filler, and disintegrant, and contributes to the controlled release of active ingredients. It is also used in the encapsulation of pharmaceutical compounds to improve their stability and bioavailability.
Safety and Regulatory Status
E1452 has been evaluated by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). EFSA concluded that E1452 is safe when used as intended. The additive is authorised under EU Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 on food additives. Special restrictions apply to its use in foods intended for infants and young children.
As E1452 contains an aluminium component, adherence to maximum permitted levels is important. EFSA has established a tolerable weekly intake for aluminium to prevent chronic overexposure from dietary sources.
Possible Intolerances
E1452 is generally well tolerated. However, individuals with a maize allergy or other cereal allergies should exercise caution when the additive is derived from those sources. People following a low-aluminium diet -- for example, those with kidney disease -- should pay attention to food labelling.
References
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA): Re-evaluation of oxidised starch (E 1404), monostarch phosphate (E 1410), distarch phosphate (E 1412), phosphated distarch phosphate (E 1413), acetylated distarch phosphate (E 1414), acetylated starch (E 1420), acetylated distarch adipate (E 1422), hydroxypropyl starch (E 1440), hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate (E 1442), starch sodium octenyl succinate (E 1450), starch aluminium octenyl succinate (E 1452) and acetylated oxidised starch (E 1451). EFSA Journal, 2017.
- European Commission: Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives.
- BeMiller, J. N.: Starch-based food ingredients. In: Starch: Chemistry and Technology, 3rd Edition, Academic Press, 2009.
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