Multiple sclerosis - causes, symptoms & modern therapeutic approaches
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the nervous system with a wide range of symptoms. Find out more about the causes, relapses, treatment and modern ways of dealing with MS.
Things worth knowing about "Multiple sclerosis"
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system in which the immune system attacks the myelin sheaths of the nerve fibres in the brain and spinal cord.
This autoimmune disease causes inflammation centres (plaques), which disrupt disrupt the transmission of stimuli and can lead to permanent nerve damage over the course of the disease. MS usually progresses in relapses, but can also progress chronically and progressively. The disease often affects young adults - especially women aged between 20 and 40.
.The symptoms are diverse and vary from person to person. Common signs are visual disturbances(e.g. blurred vision or eye movement pain), muscle weakness, numbness,coordination disorders, bladder problems or chronic tiredness (fatigue). Cognitive impairment and mood swings can also occur. As the inflammation occurs at different points in the nervous system, it is also referred to as a ""disease with 1,000 faces"". The cause is not fully understood, but is thought to be a combination of genetic predisposition, environmental factors and viral infections.
Today, various therapy options are available for the treatment of MS: immunomodulatory drugs such as interferons, glatiramer acetate, dimethyl fumarate, teriflunomide or monoclonal antibodies aim to reduce disease activity and prevent relapses. Corticosteroids are used in acute relapses. In addition,physiotherapy, occupational therapy, psychological support and targeted nutrition help to improve quality of life. Early diagnosis and personalised therapy can now have a significant positive impact on the course of the disease.
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