Sleep apnoea - causes, symptoms & treatment options
Sleep apnoea is a serious sleep disorder with breathing interruptions. Find out more about the symptoms, causes, risks and modern treatment options.
Things worth knowing about "Sleep apnoea"
Sleep apnoea is a serious sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops or becomes shallow during sleep.
The cessation of breathing leads to a reduced oxygen supply to the body and frequent sleep interruptions. There are two main types of sleep apnoea: obstructive sleep apnoea and central sleep apnoea.
Types of sleep apnoea
Obstructive sleep apnoea is the most common form of sleep apnoea and occurs when the musclesin the throat relax during sleep, blocking the airway and restricting or completely stopping the flow of air. This blockage can last from seconds to minutes and leads to frequent awakenings and severely fragmented sleep.Central sleep apnoea is less common and occurs when the brain sends incorrect breathing signals to the respiratory muscles at night, which also leads to pauses in breathing. In some cases, a combination of both forms can also occur, which is known as complex sleep apnoea.
Symptoms of sleep apnoea
Symptoms of sleep apnoea include loud snoring, frequent shortness of breath, which is usually not noticed by those affected, fatigue and concentration disorders during the day. The condition can lead to serious health problems such as high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, stroke and diabetes, as it reduces oxygen levels in the blood and places a heavy strain on the circulatory system.
Treatment of sleep apnoea
The treatment of the sleep disorder depends on the severity of the condition. One of the most common treatment options is the use of a CPAP device (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure), which continuously delivers positive air pressure to keep the airways open during sleep and thus prevent apnoea. In addition, changes in lifestyle such as losing weight, avoiding alcohol and sleeping pills and sleeping on your side instead of your back can help to alleviate the symptoms of sleep apnoea. In the case of anatomically caused sleep apnoea, surgery may be necessary to widen or stabilise the airways. Another option is dental splints, which hold the lower jaw in a position that keeps the airways open. Early diagnosis and treatment is crucial to prevent long-term damage to health and improve the quality of life of those affected.
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