SSRIs – Mechanism, Uses & Side Effects
Learn about SSRIs: how they work as antidepressants, their role in depression and anxiety disorders, and possible side effects.
Things worth knowing about "SSRIs"
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed class of antidepressants worldwide.
SSRIs work by blocking the reuptake of serotonin into nerve cells, thereby increasing its concentration in the synaptic cleft. This enhances neurotransmission in the brain and helps to stabilize mood. Well-known SSRIs include fluoxetine, sertraline, and citalopram.
SSRIs are mainly used to treat depression, but are also prescribed for anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Compared to older antidepressants such as tricyclics, they are considered better tolerated. Common side effects include nausea, sleep disturbances, headaches, and sexual dysfunction. Abrupt discontinuation should be avoided due to potential withdrawal symptoms.
Alongside pharmacological therapy, natural approaches can be beneficial, especially for mild to moderate depression. These include St. John’s wort, regular exercise, a balanced diet, mindfulness practices, and maintaining a healthy gut microbiome. While not a substitute for prescribed treatment, such strategies can support overall mental well-being.
Key Facts about SSRIs
- Most common antidepressants, increase serotonin levels in the brain
- Used for depression, anxiety disorders, and OCD
- Generally well tolerated, but possible side effects and withdrawal issues
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