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Statins – Effect, Risks and Use in Cholesterol Management

Statins lower cholesterol and reduce cardiovascular risk. Learn about their benefits, side effects and medical relevance.

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Things worth knowing about "Statins"

Statine sind Medikamente, die gezielt den LDL-Cholesterinspiegel im Blut senken und damit das Risiko für Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen, Herzinfarkt und Schlaganfall deutlich reduzieren.

Statine hemmen das Enzym HMG-CoA-Reduktase, das für die körpereigene Cholesterinsynthese in der Leber verantwortlich ist.

Die Wirkung der Statinen ist gut belegt: Eine Senkung des LDL-Werts um 1 mmol/l reduziert das kardiovaskuläre Risiko um etwa 20 %. Zusätzlich wirken Statine entzündungshemmend und stabilisierend auf arteriosklerotische Plaques. Die bekanntesten Wirkstoffe sind AtorvastatinSimvastatin und Rosuvastatin.

Nebenwirkungen wie MuskelschmerzenLeberwerterhöhungen oder selten Diabetesrisiko werden diskutiert, treten aber bei korrekter Anwendung nur bei einem kleinen Teil der Patienten auf. Statine sind in der Sekundärprävention von Herzinfarkten unverzichtbar und gelten bei korrekter Indikationsstellung als gut verträglich und lebensverlängernd.

Gesundheitliche Aspekte von Statinen

  • Senken gezielt das LDL-Cholesterin und reduzieren das Herzinfarktrisiko
  • Hemmen die Cholesterinsynthese über das Enzym HMG-CoA-Reduktase
  • Werden v. a. in der kardiovaskulären Prävention eingesetzt
  • Können selten zu Muskelschmerzen oder Leberwertveränderungen führen
  • Bei Hochrisikopatienten lebensverlängernd und evidenzbasiert wirksam

Literaturangaben:

  • Collins, R. et al. (2016). Interpretation of the evidence for the efficacy and safety of statin therapy.
  • Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ Collaboration. (2010). Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants. The Lancet.
  • Stroes, E. S. et al. (2015). Statin-associated muscle symptoms: impact on statin therapy—European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel Statement. European Heart Journal.

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Related search terms: Statins-en