Tooth neck - sensitive transition zone between tooth crown & tooth root

The neck of the tooth is the sensitive transition zone between the crown and the root. Exposed tooth necks often lead to sensitivity to pain - targeted care can protect and alleviate discomfort.

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The tooth neck is the anatomical transition area between the crown and the root of the tooth, i.e. exactly where the visible part of the tooth meets the gum.

In a healthy tooth, the neck of the tooth is normally covered by gums and protected by a thin layer of enamel. It consists mainly of cement and dentin, which are significantly softer and more sensitive than the enamel of the tooth crown. If the gums are pushed back - for example due to periodontitis, incorrect brushing or grinding - the neck of the tooth is exposed and often reacts painfully to external stimuli. Exposed tooth necks lead to sensitivity to cold, heat, sweet or sour foods in many people affected, as the underlying dentinal tubules are connected to the dental nerve. In addition to sensitivity to irritants, the risk of root caries also increases, as the tooth neck is not protected by the robust tooth enamel.

Causes of exposed tooth necks include gum recession (gingival recession), incorrect brushing technique with too much pressure, periodontal disease, tooth misalignment or ageing processes. Treatment is aimed at protection and desensitisation. Special toothpastes with active ingredients such as potassium nitrate, tin fluoride or hydroxyapatite close the dentinal tubules and reduce sensitivity. Good oral hygiene with soft brushes, gentle brushing and professional teeth cleaning can also help. In severe cases, a sealant, filling or surgical gum reconstruction may be necessary. Natural active ingredients such as lactoferrin can also help to reduce inflammation and promote mucosal health.

Important features of the neck of the tooth:

Junction between the crown and root of the tooth, normally covered by the gum
Consists of cementum and dentin, therefore more sensitive than enamel
Common problems: Exposed tooth neck, hypersensitivity, root caries
Causes: Gum recession, incorrect brushing, periodontitis, age
Therapy: tooth-friendly care, special toothpastes, sealing or build-up if necessary

Literature references

Orchardson, R., & Gillam, D. G. (2006). ""Managing dentin hypersensitivity."" Journal of the American Dental Association.
West, N. X. (2008). ""Tooth wear: dentine hypersensitivity."" British Dental Journal.
Heasman, P. A. et al. (2017). ""Fundamentals of Periodontology.""