Bone density - importance, factors & prevention of osteoporosis

Bone density describes the amount of minerals, especially calcium and phosphate, contained in a certain volume of bone tissue.

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Bone density describes the amount of minerals, especially calcium and phosphate, contained in a certain volume of bone tissue.

Bone density is an important indicator of the stability and strength of bones. A high bone density ensures strong and resilient bones, while a low bone density indicates weak and fracture-prone bones. Bone density reaches its peak in young adulthood, between the ages of 25 and 30. From this point onwards, it gradually decreases, which increases the risk of diseases such as osteoporosis and associated bone fractures, especially in old age.

Multiple factors influence bone density. A balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D is crucial for building and maintaining bones. Physical activity, especially weight-bearing exercises such as walking, dancing or strength training, also strengthens bones and helps to maintain bone density. However, hormonal changes, especially in women after the menopause, can lead to accelerated bone loss as the protective hormone oestrogen decreases. Unhealthy lifestyle habits such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and lack of exercise also contribute to a faster loss of bone density.

Bone density measurement (DXA scan) can be used for early detection of bone loss and diagnosis of osteoporosis. Preventive measures such as a calcium-rich diet, regular exercise and, if necessary, nutritional supplements can slow down the loss of bone density and reduce the risk of fractures.