Retainer - Permanent tooth stabilisation after orthodontic treatment

Retainers stabilise the tooth position after braces treatment. They can be fixed or removable and prevent tooth displacement in the long term.

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A retainer is an orthodontic appliance that is used after braces treatment to stabilise the new tooth position in the long term.

After the removal of fixed or loose braces, there is a natural tendency for teeth to move back to their original position - a process known as relapse. Retainers prevent this regression and ensure that the treatment result is permanently retained.

There are two main forms:

Fixed retainer: A thin wire that is attached to the back of the front teeth (usually from canine to canine) in the upper or lower jaw using a special adhesive. It is invisible from the outside and permanent in the mouth.
Removable retainer (e.g. retention splint): A transparent plastic splint that is usually worn at night and stabilises the position of the teeth by applying even pressure.

The length of time a retainer is worn can vary from person to person - it is often recommended to wear it for several years or even for life, as teeth can shift slightly throughout life. Careful cleaning is particularly important to prevent tartar build-up and tooth decay. A fixed retainer requires regular check-ups at the dentist or orthodontist to keep the bonding points and interdental spaces healthy.

Important features of a retainer:

Prevents tooth displacement after orthodontic treatment
Shapes: fixed wire or removable splint
Specially suitable for front teeth in the upper and lower jaw
Wearing time often several years or permanent recommended
Regular checks and dental care necessary

Literature references

Little, R. M. et al. (1988). "Stability and relapse of mandibular anterior alignment." American Journal of Orthodontics.
Zachrisson, B. U. (2007). "Long-term experience with direct-bonded retainers: update and clinical advice." Journal of Clinical Orthodontics.
Orthodontic societies: www.dgkou.de