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Angina pectoris - causes, symptoms & risk factors
Angina pectoris is the term for pain or tightness in the chest caused by insufficient oxygen supply to the heart muscle.
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Angina pectoris is the term for pain or tightness in the chest caused by insufficient oxygen supply to the heart muscle.
The tight feeling in the chest caused by angina pectoris occurs when the coronary arteries that supply the heart with blood are blocked or narrowed due to arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) or plaque formation. In many cases, angina pectoris is an indication of underlying coronary heart disease (CHD) and can be seen as a precursor to a heart attack.
The symptoms vary, but the most common form is stable angina pectoris, in which the symptoms usually occur after physical exertion or emotional stress and are relieved by rest or certain medications. One of the most common causes of angina pectoris is arteriosclerosis, in which plaques form in the blood vessels due to deposits of fat and cholesterol. These constrictions reduce the blood flow to the heart muscle, which leads to an undersupply of oxygen to the heart muscle. Other risk factors for the development of angina pectoris are smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, obesity, diabetes and lack of exercise. An attack of angina pectoris can occur, particularly during physical exertion or due to stress, in which the pain is felt as pressing or oppressive. The pain can radiate to the arms, neck, jaw or back.
Preventive healthcare is an important part of preventing angina pectoris. Preventive measures include a healthy diet, regular physical activity, avoiding smoking and controlling risk factors such as blood pressure, blood lipid levels and blood sugar. A balanced diet low in saturated fat, sugar and salt and regular heart health check-ups with your doctor are key to minimising the risk of angina and other cardiovascular diseases.
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