Dental Braces – Types, Uses & Treatment
Dental braces are orthodontic devices used to correct misaligned teeth and bite problems. They are commonly used in children, teenagers, and adults.
Things worth knowing about "Dental braces"
Dental braces are orthodontic devices used to correct misaligned teeth and bite problems. They are commonly used in children, teenagers, and adults.
What Are Dental Braces?
Dental braces are orthodontic appliances designed to correct misaligned teeth, jaw misalignments, and bite problems. They apply controlled pressure to the teeth, gradually moving them into the correct position over time. Braces are planned and fitted by orthodontists -- dental specialists in jaw and tooth alignment. Treatment can be carried out in children, teenagers, and adults alike.
Types of Dental Braces
Fixed Braces
Fixed braces (also known as bracket appliances) consist of small metal or ceramic attachments called brackets that are bonded directly to the teeth. A thin metal wire (the archwire) connects all the brackets and applies continuous pressure to guide the teeth. Fixed braces are particularly effective for more severe misalignments.
Removable Braces
Removable braces can be taken out by the patient for eating and cleaning. They are often used in early orthodontic treatment for children. Common types include activators, retainer plates, and functional orthodontic appliances. Their effectiveness depends greatly on the patient's cooperation (compliance).
Aligners (Clear Aligners)
Aligners are nearly invisible, transparent plastic trays that fit over the teeth. They are worn in a specific sequence, with each tray moving the teeth incrementally. Well-known systems include Invisalign and similar products. Aligners are best suited for mild to moderate misalignments and are particularly popular among adults.
When Are Braces Necessary?
Braces may be recommended for a variety of dental and jaw problems, including:
- Crowding: Teeth that are too close together or overlapping
- Gaps: Excessive spaces between teeth
- Overbite: Upper front teeth overlap the lower teeth too much
- Underbite: The lower jaw protrudes in front of the upper jaw
- Open bite: Upper and lower teeth do not meet when biting
- Crooked teeth: Individual teeth that are out of position or alignment
Treatment Duration and Process
The duration of brace treatment varies depending on the severity of the misalignment and the type of appliance used. In general, orthodontic treatment lasts between 1 and 3 years. After active treatment is complete, a retainer is usually worn to maintain the results and prevent the teeth from shifting back to their original position.
Care and Hygiene
Good oral hygiene is especially important during orthodontic treatment. Food particles can accumulate more easily around fixed appliances. Recommendations include:
- Brushing teeth after every meal with a soft-bristled toothbrush
- Using interdental brushes and dental floss
- Regular professional teeth cleanings at the dentist
- Avoiding very hard, sticky, or sugary foods
Costs and Insurance Coverage
The cost of dental braces varies widely depending on the type of treatment and system used. In many countries, public health insurance covers orthodontic treatment for children and teenagers up to a certain age, provided specific clinical criteria are met. For adults, costs are typically not covered by standard public insurance, but private dental insurance plans may help offset expenses.
References
- Proffit WR, Fields HW, Sarver DM: Contemporary Orthodontics. 6th edition. Elsevier, 2018.
- World Health Organization (WHO): Oral Health. Available at: https://www.who.int/health-topics/oral-health
- American Association of Orthodontists (AAO): About Orthodontics. Available at: https://www.aaoinfo.org
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