E1423 – Acetylated Oxidized Starch
E1423 is a chemically modified starch used as a thickener and stabilizer in a wide range of processed food products.
Things worth knowing about "E1423"
E1423 is a chemically modified starch used as a thickener and stabilizer in a wide range of processed food products.
What is E1423?
E1423, known as Acetylated Oxidized Starch (also spelled Acetylated Oxidised Starch in British English), is a chemically modified food starch used as a thickener, stabilizer, and gelling agent in the food industry. It is derived from natural starch sources such as maize, potato, wheat, or tapioca, which are then subjected to a two-step chemical modification process.
Manufacturing Process
The production of E1423 involves two sequential chemical modifications. First, native starch undergoes oxidation using agents such as sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide, which breaks down and restructures the starch molecules. This is followed by acetylation, in which acetyl groups are introduced into the starch structure. This dual modification gives the final product significantly enhanced functional properties compared to native, unmodified starch.
Functional Properties and Uses
The combined oxidation and acetylation process endows E1423 with several technologically valuable characteristics:
- Improved viscosity control: Consistent thickening performance even at low pH levels and high processing temperatures
- Freeze-thaw stability: Resistance to syneresis (water separation) during freezing and thawing cycles
- Clarity: Produces clear to slightly translucent gels and pastes
- Enhanced film-forming ability: Useful in coatings and glazes
- Reduced retrogradation: Slowed recrystallization of starch molecules, extending shelf life and improving texture over time
E1423 is used in a wide range of food products, including sauces, soups, desserts, baked goods, frozen foods, fruit fillings, and dairy-based products.
Safety and Regulatory Status
E1423 is authorized for use in the European Union under Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 on food additives. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has evaluated modified starches, including E1423, and concluded that they are safe for consumption when used in accordance with current regulations. No specific ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) has been established, as modified starches are considered technologically functional ingredients without significant health risks at typical dietary intake levels.
In the digestive tract, acetylated oxidized starch is metabolized similarly to native starch. The low degree of acetylation permitted under EU specifications (a maximum of 2.5% acetyl groups) does not meaningfully impair digestibility.
Labeling and Consumer Information
Within the European Union, food additives must be declared in the ingredient list either by their E number E1423 or by the functional class name followed by the substance name, for example thickener (acetylated oxidized starch). Consumers managing specific dietary requirements -- such as those with a wheat allergy or celiac disease -- should check product labels carefully, as the source of the starch must be declared when it originates from a recognized allergenic food.
Comparison with Other Modified Starches
E1423 belongs to the broader group of modified starches (E1400 to E1451), all of which are derived from native starch but altered through physical, enzymatic, or chemical processes. Compared to singly modified starches such as oxidized starch (E1404) or acetylated distarch adipate (E1422), the dual modification in E1423 offers superior stability under demanding processing conditions, including high shear, acidic environments, and repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
References
- European Commission - Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives. Official Journal of the European Union.
- EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources (ANS) - Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of acetylated oxidised starch (E 1451) and related modified starches. EFSA Journal, 2017.
- Codex Alimentarius Commission - General Standard for Food Additives (GSFA, CODEX STAN 192-1995), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations / World Health Organization, updated edition.
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Related search terms: E1423-en