Glossar: R
Do you have questions about specific symptoms or ingredients? Our glossary provides an A-to-Z guide to your health.
R
109 Posts in this encyclopedia categoryRacecadotril
Racecadotril is an antidiarrhoeal medication used to treat acute diarrhoea. It works by inhibiting the breakdown of naturally occurring enkephalins in the gut, thereby reducing excessive fluid secretion into the intestine.
Radial nerve
The radial nerve is the main nerve of the extensor side of the arm, supplying muscles and skin of the upper arm, forearm, and hand with both motor and sensory fibers.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy is a medical treatment that uses high-energy ionizing radiation to destroy cancer cells or inhibit their growth, and is one of the most important tools in oncology.
Radiosynoviorthesis
Radiosynoviorthesis (RSO) is a minimally invasive nuclear medicine procedure used to treat inflamed joint linings, such as in rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis.
Radius Fracture
A radius fracture is a break in the radius, one of the two bones of the forearm. It is one of the most common fractures and typically occurs after a fall onto an outstretched hand.
Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized controlled trial is the gold standard study design in medical research, where participants are randomly assigned to a treatment or control group to test the effectiveness of an intervention.
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a severe kidney disease causing rapid loss of renal function. Without prompt treatment, kidney failure may result.
Raspberry Leaf Tea
Raspberry leaf tea is an herbal tea made from the dried leaves of the raspberry plant. It is traditionally used to support female health and as a uterine tonic during pregnancy.
Raynaud’s phenomenon
The Raynaud’s phenomenon is a vascular condition characterized by sudden circulatory disturbances in the fingers and toes.
Reactive Oxygen Species
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules produced during normal cell metabolism. In excess, they cause oxidative stress and contribute to numerous diseases.
Recovery position
Die stabile Seitenlage ist eine Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahme, bei der eine bewusstlose, aber normal atmende Person in eine seitliche Position gebracht wird, um die Atemwege freizuhalten.
Rectoscopy
Rectoscopy is an endoscopic examination of the rectum. It allows direct visual assessment of the rectal mucosa and aids in diagnosing conditions such as hemorrhoids, polyps, or inflammation.
Recurvation
Recurvation refers to an excessive backward bending of a joint beyond its normal range, most commonly affecting the knee. It can be congenital or caused by injury.
Red Blood Cell Concentrate
A red blood cell concentrate is a blood product containing red blood cells, used to treat anemia or significant blood loss through transfusion.
Red yeast rice
Roter Reis, auch als fermentierter roter Reis bekannt, entsteht durch die Fermentation von weißem Reis mit dem Schimmelpilz Monascus purpureus.
Reflux disease (GERD)
Reflux disease, also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is a common disease of the digestive system in which stomach acid flows back into the oesophagus.
Reformer Pilates
Reformer Pilates ist eine Trainingsform des klassischen Pilates, die auf dem sogenannten Reformer-Gerät ausgeführt wird – einer Kombination aus beweglicher Liegefläche, Federsystem und Seilzügen.
Regeneration
Regeneration is the ability of the body to repair or replace damaged and lost tissue. It is a fundamental biological process essential to healing and recovery.
Regio vertebralis
The regio vertebralis is the anatomical term for the vertebral region of the back. It covers the central strip of the back running along the spinous processes of the spine.
Regulating Hormone Balance
Regulating hormone balance means actively supporting the body's hormonal equilibrium. Hormones control key functions including metabolism, mood, sleep, and fertility.
Relapse Prevention
Relapse prevention includes strategies and interventions that help individuals avoid a recurrence of illness or addiction and maintain long-term health and recovery.
Relative Bradycardia
Relative bradycardia describes a heart rate that is unusually slow in relation to the level of fever present. It can be an important diagnostic clue for certain infections.
Relative Tachycardia
Relative tachycardia refers to a heart rate that is unexpectedly elevated in relation to a patient's clinical condition, even if the absolute heart rate appears within normal range.
REM-Schlaf
Der REM-Schlaf ist eine Phase des Schlafs, die durch schnelle Augenbewegungen, lebhafte Träume und hohe Gehirnaktivität gekennzeichnet ist.
removing skin tags
Removing skin tags: safe methods, costs, and tips for eliminating benign skin growths with the help of a dermatologist or at home.
removing tonsil stones
Removing tonsil stones: safe methods to eliminate tonsilloliths. Learn how tonsil stones form, what symptoms they cause, and how to treat them effectively.
Renal Colic
Renal colic is a sudden, severe, cramping pain in the flank and urinary tract, most commonly caused by a kidney stone blocking the flow of urine.
Renal Replacement Therapy
Renal replacement therapy takes over the vital functions of the kidneys in cases of severe kidney failure. It includes dialysis and kidney transplantation.
Renal Scintigraphy
Renal scintigraphy is a nuclear medicine imaging procedure used to assess kidney function and blood flow. It helps diagnose and monitor a wide range of kidney conditions.
Reproductive Medicine
Reproductive medicine is the medical specialty focused on human fertility, reproduction, and the diagnosis and treatment of infertility in women and men.
Residual Volume
Residual volume is the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a maximum exhalation. It ensures continuous gas exchange and prevents the lungs from collapsing completely.
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Respiratory Distress Syndrome is a serious lung condition causing acute breathing difficulty. It commonly affects premature newborns or occurs as a complication of severe illness.
Respiratory Distress Syndrome of the Newborn
Respiratory Distress Syndrome of the Newborn is a serious lung condition in premature infants caused by surfactant deficiency, requiring intensive medical care immediately after birth.
Respiratory Tract
The respiratory tract is the system of nose, throat, larynx, trachea, and bronchi that transports air to the lungs and enables gas exchange.
Restless Legs Syndrome
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological condition causing an uncomfortable urge to move the legs, especially during rest and at night.
Restorative Sleep
Restorative sleep is sleep that allows the body and mind to fully recover. It is essential for health, performance, and overall well-being.
restoring hormonal balance
Restoring hormonal balance means supporting the body´s hormone equilibrium. Learn about effective strategies involving nutrition, lifestyle, and medical care.
Resuscitation
Resuscitation refers to life-saving emergency measures applied during cardiac or respiratory arrest to restore circulation and breathing.
Resveratrol
Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol found in various plants, especially grapes, berries, peanuts and some plant extracts.
Reticulocytes
Reticulocytes are immature red blood cells that circulate in the blood as the final precursor stage before becoming mature erythrocytes. Their count reflects the activity of red blood cell production in the bone marrow.
Retinal Detachment
Retinal detachment is a serious eye condition in which the retina separates from the back of the eye and can lead to permanent vision loss if left untreated.
Retinol in skin care
Retinol is a form of vitamin A that is widely used in skin care products due to its many positive effects on the skin.
Retinopathy of Prematurity
Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is an eye disease affecting premature infants in which abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina can lead to vision loss or blindness if untreated.
Rhesusfaktor
Der Rhesusfaktor ist ein vererbtes Merkmal auf der Oberfläche roter Blutkörperchen, das im Rahmen der Blutgruppenbestimmung als positiv oder negativ eingestuft wird.
Rheumatic fever
Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can occur as a complication of untreated streptococcal angina (sore throat) or other infections with the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes.
Rheumatism
Rheumatism is a collective term for a variety of diseases that primarily affect joints, muscles, tendons and connective tissue.
Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that mainly affects the joints, but can also damage other organs and tissues in the body.
Rhinitis atrophicans
Rhinitis atrophicans is a chronic nasal condition characterized by progressive atrophy of the nasal mucosa and underlying bone, leading to crusting and an enlarged nasal cavity.
Rhinolalia aperta
Rhinolalia aperta is a speech disorder in which air escapes through the nose during speaking, giving the voice an excessively nasal quality. It is often caused by a cleft palate or weakness of the soft palate.
Rhinolalia clausa
Rhinolalia clausa is a voice resonance disorder in which nasal resonance is reduced. Affected individuals sound as if they have a permanently blocked nose.
Rhinolalia Functionalis
Rhinolalia functionalis is a functional voice disorder in which nasal resonance during speech is abnormally altered without any organic cause. It manifests as a nasal or twangy quality of the voice.
Rhinorrhea
Rhinorrhea refers to the excessive discharge of fluid from the nose, commonly known as a runny nose. It is a frequent symptom of colds, allergies, and infections.
Rhinotillexomania
Rhinotillexomania is a compulsive nose-picking disorder that goes beyond normal behavior and is classified as a mental health condition. Those affected struggle to control the urge.
Rhodiola rosea
Rhodiola rosea, auch bekannt als Rosenwurz, ist eine Heilpflanze aus kalten Regionen Europas und Asiens.
Rhus toxicodendron
Rhus toxicodendron is a homeopathic remedy derived from poison ivy. It is traditionally used for joint and muscle pain as well as skin rashes.
Riboflavin
Riboflavin, also known as Vitamin B2, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy metabolism, cell growth, and protection against oxidative stress.
Riboflavin (vitamin B2)
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is essential for energy production, cell protection and metabolism. Find out more about its effects, deficiency symptoms and health benefits.
Rice protein powder
Rice protein powder is made from wholegrain rice or rice germ and is a vegan source of protein that is particularly popular with people with lactose intolerance, gluten intolerance or a vegan lifestyle.
Rice Syrup
Rice syrup is a natural sweetener derived from fermented rice. It is used as a sugar alternative in foods and has a mild, slightly caramel-like flavor.
Right Bundle Branch Block
Right bundle branch block (RBBB) is a cardiac conduction disorder in which electrical impulses through the right bundle branch are delayed or blocked, typically detected on an ECG.
Ringelflechte
Die Ringelflechte ist eine ansteckende Hautinfektion, die durch Pilze der Gattung Dermatophyten verursacht wird und charakteristische ringförmige Hautveränderungen hervorruft.
Risk Profile
A risk profile summarizes individual factors that increase a person´s likelihood of developing disease. It helps physicians plan targeted prevention and treatment strategies.
Risperidone
Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and irritability associated with autism spectrum disorder.
Rivaroxaban
Rivaroxaban is a prescription anticoagulant medication belonging to the class of direct oral anticoagulants. It is used to prevent and treat blood clots such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
RKI Flu Wave
Der Begriff RKI Grippewelle bezeichnet die von dem Robert Koch-Institut (RKI) offiziell festgestellte Phase erhöhter Influenza-Aktivität in Deutschland.
Roemheld Syndrome
Das Roemheld-Syndrom beschreibt eine funktionelle Störung, bei der es durch übermäßige Gasansammlungen im Magen-Darm-Trakt zu Herzbeschwerden kommen kann.
Rose hip extract
Rosehip extract comes from the rosehip fruit of the dog rose. It is rich in vitamin C, antioxidants and flavonoids but cannot be eaten directly from the bush.
Roseola Infantum
Roseola infantum is a common viral illness in infants and toddlers, characterized by several days of high fever followed by a distinctive skin rash.
Rosuvastatin
Rosuvastatin is a cholesterol-lowering medication belonging to the statin drug class. It is used to treat high blood lipid levels and to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Rotator Cuff
The rotator cuff stabilizes your shoulder joint. Learn more about pain, common injuries, and effective exercises for strengthening and rehabilitation.
Rotator Cuff Tear
A rotator cuff tear is a common cause of shoulder pain and weakness. Learn about symptoms, causes, treatment options and rehabilitation strategies.
Rovsing Sign
The Rovsing sign is a clinical examination finding used to help diagnose appendicitis. It is positive when pressure on the left lower abdomen causes pain in the right lower abdomen.
RSV Infection
RSV infection is a respiratory illness caused by the Respiratory Syncytial Virus, primarily affecting infants, young children, and older adults.
Runny Nose
Fließschnupfen bezeichnet eine Form des Schnupfens, bei der klarer, wässriger Nasenausfluss im Vordergrund steht.
Die neusten Einträge
3 Posts in this encyclopedia categoryEnzyme Inhibition
Enzyme inhibition refers to the reduction or blockade of an enzyme´s activity by an inhibitor. It is a key concept in biochemistry and pharmacology.
Lymphatic Ring
The lymphatic ring is a circular arrangement of lymphoid tissue in the throat that serves as one of the body´s first lines of defense against pathogens.
Eye Lens Opacity
Eye lens opacity refers to the clouding of the natural lens of the eye, leading to blurred vision. It is the most common cause of cataracts and visual impairment worldwide.
Die meistgelesenen Einträge
3 Posts in this encyclopedia categoryMagnesiumcarbonat
Magnesiumcarbonat ist eine anorganische Magnesiumverbindung mit säure-neutralisierender (antazidischer) Wirkung. Erfahre mehr über Vorteile, Einsatzgebiete und Unterschiede zu besser resorbierbaren Magnesiumformen.
Cologne list
The Cologne List ® is an important initiative in competitive sports that offers athletes guidance in the selection of nutritional supplements.
Calorie content
The choice of food influences our energy intake. The calorie content varies greatly - some provide little energy, others a lot.