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Glossar: T

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202 Posts in this encyclopedia category

Tachyarrhythmia Absoluta

Tachyarrhythmia absoluta is a form of atrial fibrillation characterized by a rapid, completely irregular heartbeat. It requires prompt medical evaluation and treatment.

Tachycardia

Tachycardia refers to a heart rate exceeding 100 beats per minute. It can be harmless or indicate an underlying medical condition requiring treatment.

Tachyphylaxis

Tachyphylaxis refers to the rapid loss of efficacy of a drug after repeated use, typically within hours to days.

Tachypnea

Tachypnea refers to an abnormally rapid breathing rate. It can indicate various underlying conditions affecting the lungs, heart, or metabolism.

tadalafil

Tadalafil is a prescription medication used to treat erectile dysfunction, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Tahini

Tahini ist eine cremige Paste aus gemahlenen Sesamsamen, die als Lebensmittel und Zutat in vielen Küchen weltweit verwendet wird.

Tai Chi

Tai Chi is a meditative movement practice that improves balance, reduces stress and supports overall health. Learn how this ancient Chinese art benefits mind and body.

Tallow

What is sebum and what role does it play in blemished skin? All about its functions, causes of excessive sebum production and tips on how to regulate it.

Tamsulosin

Tamsulosin is an alpha-blocker medication primarily used to relieve urinary symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), helping to improve urine flow.

Tapeworm

Tapeworms are parasitic intestinal worms that are transmitted to humans via raw meat.

Target Cell

Target cells are abnormal red blood cells with a distinctive bullseye appearance. They are an important diagnostic marker for various blood and liver disorders.

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

Tarsal tunnel syndrome is a nerve entrapment condition near the inner ankle where the tibial nerve is compressed, causing pain, numbness, and tingling in the foot.

Tarsus (Foot)

The tarsus is the proximal bony section of the foot, composed of seven bones. It connects the lower leg to the midfoot and is essential for stability, shock absorption, and movement.

Tartaric Acid

Tartaric acid is a naturally occurring organic acid found mainly in grapes and wine. It is widely used as a food additive (E334) and plays an important role in pharmaceuticals.

Tattoo removal

Die Tattooentfernung ist ein medizinisch-ästhetisches Verfahren zur Reduktion oder vollständigen Entfernung von Tätowierungen aus der Haut. 

Tau proteins

Tau proteins stabilise the neuronal cell framework. In Alzheimer's disease, pathological tau changes lead to cell degradation. Find out all about function, diagnostics and current therapeutic approaches.

Tau vaccine

Tau vaccines are innovative therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease. They target pathologically altered tau proteins in order to slow down the progression of the disease. Find out more about the studies and mode of action.

Taurine

An amino acid that has antioxidant properties and supports heart, muscle and nervous system function. It promotes endurance and regeneration.

Tautomerism

Tautomerism describes the equilibrium between two or more structural forms of a chemical compound that differ in the position of a proton and a double bond.

TBE Vaccination

The TBE vaccination protects against tick-borne encephalitis, a viral disease affecting the nervous system. It is strongly recommended for people in risk areas.

TCM

TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) is a thousands-of-years-old healing system from China encompassing acupuncture, herbal medicine, dietary therapy, and Qi Gong exercises.

Tdimer

T-Dimer / TDimer ist ein Marker für aktive Gerinnung. Erfahre, wie erhöhte Werte Thrombosen anzeigen und wie die Diagnostik klinisch eingesetzt wird.

Tear Fluid

Tear fluid is a complex aqueous body fluid that moistens, protects, and nourishes the surface of the eye. It plays a vital role in maintaining ocular health and visual clarity.

Teebaumöl

Teebaumöl ist ein ätherisches Öl, das aus den Blättern des australischen Teebaums (Melaleuca alternifolia) gewonnen wird.

Telangiectasia

Telangiectasia refers to permanently dilated small blood vessels visible through the skin as red or purple thread-like lines. They are often harmless but can indicate underlying medical conditions.

Teletherapy

Teletherapy refers to therapeutic treatments delivered remotely via video conferencing, telephone, or digital platforms. It gives patients flexible, location-independent access to psychotherapy and other health services.

Telithromycin

Telithromycin is an antibiotic belonging to the ketolide class, used to treat bacterial respiratory tract infections. It is effective against a broad range of pathogens.

Telomere Biology

Telomere biology studies the structure and function of telomeres – the protective caps at the ends of chromosomes – and their role in cellular aging and disease.

Telomere Function

Telomeres are protective caps at the ends of chromosomes and play a central role in cell division, aging, and genetic stability.

Telomere Shortening

Telomere shortening is the natural process by which the protective caps on chromosomes become shorter with each cell division, playing a key role in cellular aging and age-related disease.

Telomeres

Telomeres are the protective caps of chromosomes and play a central role in cell ageing and longevity. Find out more about their function, shortening and ways to preserve them.

Tempeh

Tempeh ist ein fermentiertes Sojaprodukt mit viel Protein und Probiotika. Erfahre mehr über Nährwerte, Wirkung und gesunde Zubereitung.

Temporal Bone

The temporal bone (Os temporale) is a paired skull bone at the lateral skull base that houses the middle and inner ear and protects vital neurovascular structures.

Temporomandibular Joint

The temporomandibular joint connects the lower jaw to the skull and enables chewing, speaking, and mouth movement. TMJ disorders are among the most common jaw conditions.

Ten Horn Sign

The Ten Horn sign is a clinical examination finding used to diagnose acute appendicitis. It is elicited by traction on the testis and indicates peritoneal irritation near the appendix.

Tenderness

Tenderness refers to pain that occurs when pressure is applied to a specific area of the body. It is an important clinical sign during physical examination.

Tenderness

Tenderness refers to pain or discomfort felt when pressure is applied to a specific area of the body. It is a common clinical sign that may indicate inflammation, injury, or underlying disease.

Tendinitis

Tendinitis is an inflammation of a tendon, most commonly caused by overuse, leading to pain, swelling, and restricted movement.

Tendon

A tendon is a tough band of fibrous connective tissue that connects muscles to bones, enabling movement. Tendons are composed mainly of collagen and are a vital part of the musculoskeletal system.

Tendon Inflammation Hand

Tendon inflammation of the hand is a painful irritation or inflammation of the tendons in the wrist or fingers. It is often caused by overuse and can significantly limit hand mobility.

Tendon Prosthesis

A tendon prosthesis is an artificial implant used to replace a damaged or ruptured tendon when natural healing is no longer possible. It restores movement and function.

Tendon Rupture Repair

Tendon rupture repair is a surgical procedure to restore a completely or partially torn tendon. The goal is to regain full mobility and load-bearing capacity of the affected joint.

Tendons

Tendons are fibrous connective tissue structures that connect muscles to bones, enabling movement. They play a central role in the musculoskeletal system.

Tendovaginitis

Sehnenscheidenentzündung (medizinisch: Tendovaginitis) ist eine entzündliche Reizung der Sehnenscheide, also der schützenden Hülle, die eine Sehne umgibt.

Tennis Elbow

Tennis elbow is a painful condition caused by overuse of the tendons at the outer elbow. It is common among athletes and people performing repetitive arm movements.

Terephthalylidene Dicamphorsulfonic Acid

Terephthalylidene dicamphorsulfonic acid is a synthetic UV filter used in sunscreen products to protect the skin from harmful UVA radiation.

Terpene Fraction

A terpene fraction is a plant-derived extract rich in concentrated terpene compounds, known for a wide range of biological and therapeutic properties.

Terpinolene

Terpinolene is a monoterpene hydrocarbon belonging to the class of terpenes, naturally occurring compounds responsible for the characteristic aroma of many plants.

Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism

Tertiary hyperparathyroidism is a condition in which the parathyroid glands produce excess parathyroid hormone autonomously, even after the underlying cause has been treated. It most commonly develops after long-standing chronic kidney disease.

Testicular Cancer

Testicular cancer is a malignant tumor of the testis that most commonly affects young men between the ages of 15 and 40. It is highly treatable and has excellent survival rates when detected early.

testicular cancer symptoms

Testicular cancer symptoms: Learn which signs may indicate testicular cancer, when to see a doctor, and how the condition is diagnosed and treated.

Testicular Torsion

Testicular torsion is an acute twisting of the testicle around its own axis, cutting off blood supply and representing a urological emergency requiring immediate surgery.

Testosterone

Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone, playing a key role in muscle strength, bone density, sexual function, and overall wellbeing in both men and women.

Tetanus

Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, leading to severe and painful muscle spasms.

Tetracycline

Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. It works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis and requires a prescription.

Tetracyclines

Tetracyclines are broad-spectrum antibiotics used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. They work by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis and are effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens.

Tetrahydrobiopterin Deficiency

Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency (BH4 deficiency) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder. Insufficient BH4 causes elevated phenylalanine levels and impaired neurotransmitter production, leading to neurological symptoms.

Tetralogy of Fallot

Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect comprising four structural cardiac abnormalities that cause low oxygen levels in the blood. It is the most common cyanotic heart defect in children.

Tetraparesis

Tetraparesis refers to incomplete muscle weakness affecting all four limbs. It is most commonly caused by damage to the spinal cord or brain.

Thalamic Lesion

A thalamic lesion is damage to the thalamus, a central relay station in the brain. It can affect sensation, consciousness, and motor function.

Thaumatin

Thaumatin is a natural sweet-tasting protein derived from the West African katemfe fruit. It is one of the sweetest known substances and is approved as a food additive (E 957).

The total viable

The total viable count (TVC) refers to the total number of viable microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, yeasts, molds) present in a sample.

Thelarche

Thelarche bezeichnet den Beginn der Brustentwicklung bei Mädchen als frühes körperliches Zeichen der Pubertät.

Thenar Muscles

The thenar muscles are the group of muscles forming the fleshy mound at the base of the thumb. They enable the wide range of thumb movements essential for gripping and fine motor skills.

Theophylline

Theophylline is a medication used to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma and COPD. It relaxes and widens the airways, making breathing easier.

Therapeutic fasting

Relief fasting is a deliberate, temporary abstinence from food in which solid food is replaced by low-calorie liquids such as water, tea or vegetable broth.

Therapy Adherence

Therapy adherence describes how consistently patients follow their prescribed treatment plan. It is a key factor in achieving positive health outcomes.

Thermal Imaging

Thermal imaging is a diagnostic technique that detects infrared radiation emitted by the body. It helps identify inflammation, circulatory disorders, and other conditions at an early stage.

Thermogenesis

Thermogenesis is the process by which the body generates heat. It regulates core body temperature and plays a key role in energy metabolism.

Thermogenin

Thermogenin (UCP1) is a protein found in brown adipose tissue that converts energy into heat. It plays a key role in thermogenesis and energy metabolism.

Thermoregulation

Thermoregulation is the body´s ability to maintain a stable core temperature of around 37 °C, regardless of changes in the external environment.

ThetaHealing

ThetaHealing ist eine energetische Heilmethode, die über den Theta-Gehirnwellenzustand tief sitzende Glaubensmuster transformieren soll – für emotionale Heilung und persönliche Entwicklung.

Thiamine

Thiamine is one of the water-soluble B vitamins. It is also known as vitamin B1.

Thioesterase

Thioesterase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes thioester bonds and plays a central role in fatty acid biosynthesis and lipid metabolism.

Third-Degree AV Block

Third-degree AV block is a severe cardiac arrhythmia in which electrical conduction between the atria and ventricles is completely interrupted.

Thomapyrin

Thomapyrin is an over-the-counter combination painkiller containing aspirin, paracetamol, and caffeine – effective for headaches and migraines.

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm

A thoracic aortic aneurysm is an abnormal enlargement of the main artery in the chest. It often causes no symptoms but can become life-threatening if left untreated.

Thraustochytrium sp.

Thraustochytrium sp. is a genus of marine microorganisms known for producing high amounts of DHA, an essential omega-3 fatty acid widely used in nutritional supplements and infant formula.

Threonine

Threonine is an essential amino acid that the human body cannot produce on its own and must obtain through diet. It plays a key role in protein synthesis, immune function, and gut health.

Throat Cancer

Throat cancer is a malignant tumor of the pharynx. It belongs to the head and neck cancers and is commonly linked to smoking, alcohol consumption, or HPV infection.

Thrombectomy

Thrombectomy is a medical procedure used to mechanically remove a blood clot (thrombus) from a blood vessel. It is commonly performed in cases of stroke, deep vein thrombosis, or pulmonary embolism.

Thrombin Time

The thrombin time is a laboratory test used to evaluate blood coagulation. It measures how quickly thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin to form a clot.

Thrombocytic

Thrombocytic refers to anything relating to thrombocytes, also known as platelets. The term describes processes, disorders, or functions directly associated with platelets in the blood.

Thromboembolic

Thromboembolic refers to conditions or events in which a blood clot (thrombus) blocks a blood vessel or breaks free and causes an embolism in another part of the body.

Thromboembolism

Thromboembolism occurs when a blood clot (thrombus) forms in a vessel, breaks loose, and blocks another vessel. It can be life-threatening and requires prompt medical attention.

Thrombogenesis

Thrombogenesis refers to the formation of a blood clot (thrombus) inside a blood vessel. It is a complex process that can be protective after injury but life-threatening when it occurs as a disease.

Thrombophlebitis

Thrombophlebitis is an inflammation of a superficial vein, usually associated with a blood clot. It causes pain, redness, and swelling along the affected vein and requires medical evaluation.

Thromboseprophylaxe

Thromboseprophylaxe bezeichnet Maßnahmen zur Vorbeugung der Bildung von Blutgerinnseln in den Venen.

Thrombosis

Thrombosis is the blockage of a blood vessel by a blood clot (thrombus) that obstructs or completely interrupts the normal flow of blood.

Thrombosis Markers

Thrombosis markers are blood laboratory values that indicate a thrombosis or elevated clotting activity. They support diagnosis and individual risk assessment.

Thrush (candidiasis)

Thrush is a fungal infection caused by yeasts of the genus Candida, in particular Candida albicans.

Thyme

Thymian (Thymus vulgaris) gehört zu den bekanntesten und vielseitigsten Heilpflanzen und wird seit der Antike bei Atemwegserkrankungen eingesetzt.

Thymine

Thymine is one of the four nucleobases of DNA and belongs to the pyrimidine group. It plays a key role in the storage and transmission of genetic information.

Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid cancer is a malignant tumor of the thyroid gland. It is the most common cancer of the endocrine system and, when detected early, is usually highly treatable with excellent long-term outcomes.

Thyroid Resection

Thyroid resection is a surgical procedure to partially or completely remove the thyroid gland. It is used to treat conditions such as thyroid cancer, goiter, or hyperthyroidism.

Thyroiditis (inflammation of the thyroid gland)

Thyroid inflammation, also known as thyroiditis, is a disease in which the thyroid gland becomes inflamed, which can impair the function of this important organ.

Tick-Borne Encephalitis

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infection transmitted by tick bites that can affect the brain and meninges. Vaccination provides effective protection.

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE)

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a disease caused by the TBE virus that is particularly prevalent in Europe and parts of Asia.

Tidal Volume

Tidal volume is the amount of air inhaled or exhaled during a single normal breath. In a healthy adult at rest, it is approximately 500 ml.

Tilidine

Tilidine is a prescription opioid analgesic used to treat moderate to severe pain. It acts centrally in the brain and spinal cord and is commonly combined with naloxone.

Tingling in the Hands

Tingling in the hands is a common symptom that may indicate nerve or circulatory disorders. Learn about causes, diagnosis, and treatment options.

Tinnitus

Tinnitus bezeichnet die Wahrnehmung von Geräuschen ohne äußere Schallquelle.

Tirzepatide

Tirzepatide is a modern medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity, acting as a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist.

Tissue Biopsy

A tissue biopsy is a medical procedure in which a small sample of body tissue is removed and examined in a laboratory to diagnose diseases such as cancer or inflammation.

Tissue Degeneration

Tissue degeneration refers to the structural and functional breakdown of body tissue. It can result from aging, disease, or external influences and affects various organ systems.

Tissue Edema

Tissue edema is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in body tissue, causing swelling. It can have various causes and affect different parts of the body.

Tissue Hormone

Tissue hormones are locally acting signaling molecules produced directly within body tissues that regulate important physiological functions.

Tissue Hormones

Tissue hormones are locally acting messenger substances produced directly within body tissues. Unlike classical hormones, they act near their site of origin and regulate a wide range of physiological processes.

Tissue Hypoxia

Tissue hypoxia refers to an insufficient supply of oxygen to the body tissues. It can damage vital organs and requires prompt medical evaluation and treatment.

Tissue Regeneration

Tissue regeneration is the biological ability of the body to restore damaged or lost tissue through cellular and molecular processes. It is a key component of wound healing and recovery from injury.

Tissue Transplantation

Tissue transplantation is a medical procedure in which biological tissue is transferred from a donor to a recipient to restore function or treat injury.

Titanium Dioxide

Titanium dioxide (TiO2, E171) is a white pigment used in foods, cosmetics, and medicines. Its safety as a food additive is currently under scientific and regulatory scrutiny.

TNM Classification

The TNM classification is an internationally recognized system for describing the extent of cancer based on tumor size, lymph node involvement, and distant metastases.

Tocopherol extract

Tocopherol extract is a collective term for various forms of vitamin E, which are obtained from natural sources such as vegetable oils (e.g. sunflower, wheat germ or soya oil) and processed into a concentrated extract. vegetable oils (e.g. sunflower, wheat germ or soya oil) and processed into a concentrated extract.

Tomes Fiber

The Tomes fiber is a dental term for the cytoplasmic process of the odontoblast that extends through the dentinal tubules and plays a key role in dentin formation.

Tomes Process

The Tomes process is a specialized cell extension of ameloblasts that plays a central role in the formation of dental enamel during tooth development.

Tongue cleaner

A tongue cleaner is a simple yet effective oral hygiene tool designed to remove bacterial coating and debris from the tongue’s surface.

Tonkabohne

Die Tonkabohne ist der Samen des Tonkabaums und wird wegen ihres intensiven, süßlich-würzigen Aromas als geschmacksgebende Zutat verwendet.

Tonsil Stones

Mandelsteine, auch Tonsillensteine genannt, sind kleine, gelblich-weiße Ablagerungen, die sich in den Krypten der Gaumenmandeln bilden.

Tonsillitides

Tonsillitides are inflammations of the palatine tonsils caused by bacteria or viruses. They typically present with sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and fever.

Tonsillitis

Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils, most commonly caused by viral or bacterial infections. It typically presents with sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and fever.

Tonsillitis (inflammation of the tonsils)

Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils, often caused by a bacterial or viral infection.

Tonsillitis Home Remedies

Home remedies for tonsillitis can help relieve sore throat pain and support recovery. Discover the most effective natural methods for relief.

tonsillitis what to do

Tonsillitis can be treated with rest, plenty of fluids, and pain relief. Learn when antibiotics are needed and which home remedies can effectively soothe symptoms.

Tonsils

The tonsils are clusters of lymphatic tissue located in the throat and form part of the immune system. They help defend the body against bacteria and viruses.

Too much vitamin C

An excessive intake of vitamin C can lead to gastrointestinal complaints and kidney stones. Find out all about the symptoms, limits and sensible dosage of vitamin C supplements here.

Tooth enamel

Tooth enamel is the outermost, hardest layer of the tooth and consists of around 96% minerals, mainly hydroxyapatite, a crystalline form of calcium phosphate.

Tooth neck

The tooth neck is the anatomical transition area between the crown and the root of the tooth, i.e. exactly where the visible part of the tooth meets the gum.

Tooth Root Inflammation

Tooth root inflammation is an infection or inflammation at the root of a tooth, usually caused by bacteria. It often causes severe toothache and requires prompt dental treatment.

Tophi

Tophi (singular: tophus) are hard deposits of uric acid crystals that form in tissues as a result of chronic gout, commonly affecting joints, tendons, and skin.

Torasemide

Torasemide is a loop diuretic used to treat fluid retention (edema) and high blood pressure. It works by increasing the excretion of water and salts through the kidneys.

Torticollis

Torticollis, also known as wry neck, is a condition in which the head is persistently tilted or rotated to one side. It can be congenital or acquired.

Total Iron Binding Capacity

Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) measures how much iron the blood can maximally transport. It is a key laboratory value for assessing iron metabolism and diagnosing iron disorders.

Toxicology

Toxicology is the science that studies the effects of toxic substances on living organisms. It is a key discipline in medicine, pharmacology, and environmental science.

Toxoplasmose

Toxoplasmose ist eine Infektion, die durch den Parasiten Toxoplasma gondii verursacht wird und insbesondere bei Schwangeren, immungeschwächten Personen und in bestimmten Ländern ein gesundheitliches Risiko darstellt.

Toxoplasmosis in Pregnancy

Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy is an infection caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii that can pose serious risks to the unborn child. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential.

Trabecular Artery

The trabecular artery is a small blood vessel within the spleen that carries blood through splenic tissue, supporting immune defense and blood filtration.

TRABTRAP study

The TRABTRAP study investigates the efficacy of tTF-NGR + trabectedin in advanced soft tissue sarcoma. Find out more about the study objective, mechanism of action and inclusion criteria.

Trace Mineral Powder

Trace elements act as catalysers in the enzyme system. Some metal ions, such as iron and copper, are involved in oxidation-reduction reactions in energy metabolism.

Tracheal Deviation

Tracheal deviation refers to the lateral displacement of the trachea from its normal midline position. It is an important clinical sign associated with several serious chest conditions.

Tramadol

Tramadol is a prescription opioid analgesic used to treat moderate to moderately severe pain. It acts on the central nervous system through a dual mechanism of action.

Trance

Trance ist ein veränderter Bewusstseinszustand, der in Ritualen, Hypnose oder Meditation genutzt wird und Körper wie Geist beeinflusst.

Trans-Resveratrol

Trans-Resveratrol ist die biologisch aktive Form des pflanzlichen Polyphenols Resveratrol, das vor allem in der Schale roter Trauben, in Beeren, Erdnüssen und in geringem Maß auch in Rotwein vorkommt.

Transepidermal Water Loss

Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) refers to the amount of water that passively evaporates through the skin to the surrounding environment. It is a key indicator of skin barrier function.

Transferrin Saturation

Transferrin saturation indicates what percentage of the iron-binding protein transferrin in the blood is actually loaded with iron. It is a key lab value for assessing iron metabolism.

Transferrin saturation (TSAT)

The transferrin saturation (TSAT) shows how much iron is transported in the blood. Find out what the value means, how it is calculated and when it is conspicuous.

Transfusion Reaction

A transfusion reaction is an adverse response of the body during or after a blood transfusion. Causes include blood type incompatibility, allergic responses, or infection.

Transient Hip Synovitis

Hüftschnupfen (medizinisch: Coxitis fugax) ist eine vorübergehende Entzündung des Hüftgelenks, die vor allem bei Kindern zwischen 3 und 10 Jahren auftritt.

Transitional Vertebra

A transitional vertebra is an anatomically altered vertebra located at the junction of two spinal segments. It can cause back pain and postural issues.

Transplantation

Transplantation is the transfer of organs, tissues, or cells from a donor to a recipient. It is used to treat severe diseases involving organ failure and can be life-saving.

Transtracheal Aspiration

Transtracheal aspiration is a diagnostic procedure used to collect secretions directly from the lower airways through the trachea for microbiological analysis in suspected lung infections.

Transverse Process

The transverse process is a lateral bony projection found on each vertebra of the spine. It serves as an attachment point for muscles and ligaments and plays a key role in spinal stability.

Transverse Process Fracture

A transverse process fracture is a break in one of the bony projections on the side of a vertebra. It usually results from significant trauma and is diagnosed through medical imaging.

Traumatology

Traumatology is the medical specialty focused on the diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of injuries caused by external forces such as accidents or falls.

Trehalose

Trehalose is a naturally occurring disaccharide found in fungi, insects, and plants, widely used as a food additive and in pharmaceutical applications.

Tremor

Tremor is an involuntary, rhythmic shaking of parts of the body. It most commonly affects the hands, head, or voice and can have many underlying causes.

Tri-magnesium dicitrate

An easily absorbable form of magnesium that supports muscle and nerve function. This form of magnesium has double the amount of elemental magnesium (approx. 16 %) compared to conventional citrate (approx. 8 %).

Triazole Antifungals

Triazole antifungals are a key class of medications used to treat fungal infections. They work by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis, targeting a wide spectrum of fungal pathogens effectively.

Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis ist eine weltweit verbreitete, durch den Parasiten Trichomonas vaginalis verursachte sexuell übertragbare Infektion (STI).

Tricuspid Valve

The tricuspid valve is one of the four heart valves, located between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It ensures a one-directional blood flow through the heart.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are among the oldest classes of antidepressants, developed in the 1950s.

Trigeminal Neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia is a severe, episodic facial pain disorder affecting the trigeminal nerve. The sudden, electric shock-like pain attacks are considered one of the most intense pain conditions known in medicine.

Trigger Point Treatment

Trigger point treatment targets painful muscle knots known as trigger points to relieve pain and restore mobility. It is a key part of modern pain therapy.

Triglyceride-Lowering Agents

Triglyceride-lowering agents are medications or substances used to reduce elevated triglyceride levels in the blood, thereby lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Triglycerides

Triglycerides are blood fats that serve as energy storage. Elevated levels increase the risk of heart disease. Learn about causes and natural ways to lower them.

Triglycerides Algae oil

An oil extracted from the microalgae Nannochloropsis. Rich in omega-3 fatty acids, especially EPA.

Trigonal planar

Trigonal planar describes a molecular geometry in which a central atom is bonded to three partners arranged in a flat triangle with bond angles of 120 degrees.

Trimethoprim

Trimethoprim is an antibacterial medication primarily used to treat urinary tract infections. It works by inhibiting bacterial folic acid synthesis, producing a bacteriostatic effect.

Trimethylglycine (TMG)

Trimethylglycine (TMG), also known as betaine, is a naturally occurring compound found in foods like beets and spinach that plays a key role in the body as a methyl group donor.

Trimipramine

Trimipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, and sleep disturbances. It has mood-lifting and sedative properties.

Triple Bond

A triple bond is a chemical bond between two atoms in which three pairs of electrons are shared. It is most common in organic and inorganic chemistry.

Tris-Biphenyl-Triazine

Tris-Biphenyl-Triazine is a synthetic UV filter used in sunscreens and cosmetics to protect the skin from harmful UV-A and UV-B radiation.

Trisomie 21

Trisomie 21, auch bekannt als Down-Syndrom, ist eine genetische Besonderheit, bei der ein Mensch dreimal statt zweimal das Chromosom 21 besitzt. Sie ist die häufigste chromosomale Veränderung beim Menschen und geht mit charakteristischen körperlichen Merkmalen sowie einer geistigen Entwicklungsverzögerung einher.

Trisomy 18

Trisomy 18 is a serious chromosomal disorder in which chromosome 18 is present three times instead of two, causing severe developmental abnormalities and often life-threatening complications.

Trochlea tali

The trochlea tali is the articular surface of the talus bone and forms the central component of the upper ankle joint, enabling dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the foot.

Trying to Conceive Phase

The trying-to-conceive phase is the period in which individuals or couples actively work toward achieving a pregnancy. Medical guidance can significantly improve the chances of conception.

Trypanophobia

Trypanophobia is an intense fear of needles, injections, or blood draws. It is classified as a specific phobia and can significantly interfere with necessary medical care.

Trypophobie

Trypophobie bezeichnet eine intensive Abneigung oder Angst vor Mustern mit dicht gedrängten kleinen Löchern, Grübchen oder Unebenheiten. Obwohl sie im Volksmund häufig als „Angst vor Löchern" bezeichnet wird, handelt es sich weniger um eine klassische Phobie als um eine ausgeprägte Ekelreaktion mit Angstanteilen.

TSH Level

The TSH level (thyroid-stimulating hormone) is a key laboratory marker for assessing thyroid function.

TSH Level Too High

A high TSH level is often a sign of an underactive thyroid gland. Learn about causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.

tTF-NGR (truncated Tissue Factor)

tTF-NGR is a fusion protein for targeted tumour therapy via vascular occlusion. Find out everything about the mechanism of action, application in cancer and current studies such as TRABTRAP.

Tube Feeding

Tube feeding is a medically formulated liquid nutrition delivered directly into the gastrointestinal tract via a feeding tube when normal oral food intake is not possible or sufficient.

Tube Feeding

Tube feeding is a medical nutrition method in which nutrients are delivered directly into the gastrointestinal tract via a tube when normal oral intake is not possible.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis is a bacterial infectious disease that primarily affects the lungs, but can also affect other organs such as the kidneys, bones or lymph nodes.

Tubocurarine

Tubocurarine is a plant-derived alkaloid from curare and one of the first neuromuscular blocking agents used in clinical anaesthesia. It causes skeletal muscle relaxation by blocking acetylcholine receptors.

Tulsi

Tulsi, auch bekannt als Heiliges Basilikum oder Ocimum sanctum, ist eine zentral bedeutende Heilpflanze im Ayurveda.

Tumor Immunology

Tumor immunology studies how the immune system detects and fights cancer cells. It forms the scientific foundation for modern cancer immunotherapy approaches.

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression describes the process by which cancer cells become increasingly aggressive, grow, and spread throughout the body. It is a key concept in oncology.

Tumor Suppressor Gene

A tumor suppressor gene is a gene that prevents uncontrolled cell growth. Mutations in these genes can lead to the development of cancer.

Tunica adventitia

The tunica adventitia is the outermost layer of the wall of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. It consists of connective tissue and anchors the vessel within the surrounding tissue.

Turmeric

Turmeric is a spice plant containing the active compound curcumin, widely studied in medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Turmeric

Turmeric is a yellow spice that is extracted from the root of the plant Curcuma longa . It belongs to the ginger family and is used both in the kitchen and in naturopathy.

Turmeric with pepper

The combination of turmeric and black pepper increases the bioavailability of curcumin. Find out how it works, what it is suitable for and what you should bear in mind when taking it.

TURP

TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia. Excess prostate tissue is removed through the urethra to improve urinary flow.

Turricephaly

Turricephaly is a rare skull malformation in which the head grows unusually tall and tower-shaped due to the premature fusion of multiple cranial sutures.

Two-tier medicine

The term two-tier medicine describes the perceived or actual unequal medical care between different population groups - mostly between privately and publicly insured people.

Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease in which the body can no longer use insulin effectively, leading to persistently elevated blood sugar levels.

Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by persistently high blood sugar levels. It is caused by insulin resistance and a progressive decline in insulin production by the pancreas.

Type I Allergy

A Type I allergy is an immediate immune reaction triggered by harmless substances such as pollen or foods. It is mediated by IgE antibodies and can cause symptoms within minutes.

Typhoid fever

Typhoid fever is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and is mainly transmitted via contaminated water or food.

Tyrosine

Tyrosine is a conditionally essential amino acid that the body produces from phenylalanine and serves as a precursor for key neurotransmitters such as dopamine and adrenaline.

Die neusten Einträge

3 Posts in this encyclopedia category

Free Radical Scavengers

Free radical scavengers are substances that neutralize harmful free radicals in the body, protecting cells from oxidative stress. They play a key role in preventing chronic diseases.

Xenobiotic Protection

Xenobiotic protection refers to the body´s ability to detect, metabolize, and eliminate foreign chemical substances – known as xenobiotics – in order to protect cells and organs from damage.

Cold Therapy

Cold therapy is the targeted use of cold to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and support recovery from injuries. It is widely used in medicine, rehabilitation, and sports.