Glossar: M
Do you have questions about specific symptoms or ingredients? Our glossary provides an A-to-Z guide to your health.
M
304 Posts in this encyclopedia categoryMacrolide Antibiotic
Macrolide antibiotics are a class of antibiotics used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. They are commonly prescribed for respiratory and skin infections.
Macronutrient Analysis
Macronutrient analysis measures the content of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in foods or diets. It is a key tool in nutritional science and dietary planning.
Macronutrient Balance
Macronutrient balance refers to the ratio of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the daily diet and is a key concept for maintaining a healthy and well-rounded nutritional intake.
Macronutrient Intake
Macronutrient intake refers to the daily consumption of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. It forms the foundation of a balanced and health-promoting diet.
Macronutrient Profile
The macronutrient profile describes the distribution of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the diet. It forms the basis for a needs-based and healthy nutritional plan.
Macronutrient Ratio
The macronutrient ratio describes the proportion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in daily energy intake. It is a key factor in achieving a balanced and healthy diet.
Macronutrient Requirements
Macronutrient requirements describe the daily amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats the body needs. They vary based on age, sex, body weight, and physical activity level.
Macrophage
Macrophages are specialized immune cells that detect and destroy pathogens and foreign substances. They play a central role in the innate immune defense of the human body.
Madelung Deformity
Madelung deformity is a congenital malformation of the wrist in which the radius bone grows shorter and curved, leading to a characteristic bayonet-like wrist alignment, pain, and restricted movement.
Magnesium Balance Measurement
Magnesium balance measurement assesses the intake and excretion of magnesium in the body. It is used to diagnose magnesium deficiency or excess.
Magnesium bisglycinate
The combination with glycine and magnesium creates an organic compound that can be easily absorbed by the body and helps to maintain a healthy energy metabolism and nerve function.
Magnesium citrate
Magnesium citrate is an organic magnesium compound that is characterised by its particularly high bioavailability, making it ideal for rapid and efficient absorption in the body.
Magnesium deficiency
Magnesiummangel bezeichnet einen Zustand, bei dem dem Körper nicht ausreichend Magnesium für normale körperliche Funktionen zur Verfügung steht.
magnesium deficiency symptoms
Magnesium deficiency can cause muscle cramps, fatigue, and heart palpitations. Learn about the key symptoms, causes, and treatment of low magnesium levels.
Magnesium gluconate
Magnesium gluconate is an organic compound in which magnesium is combined with gluconic acid.
Magnesium glycinate
Magnesium glycinate is a chelated form of magnesium in which the mineral is combined with the amino acid glycine.
Magnesium L-Threonate
Magnesium L-Threonate is a unique form of magnesium that effectively crosses the blood-brain barrier, supporting cognitive health, memory, and brain function.
Magnesium lactate
Magnesium lactate is the magnesium salt of lactic acid. It is a readily absorbable magnesium compound that supports the acid-base balance and promotes muscle and nerve function and energy metabolism.
Magnesium Overdose Symptoms
A magnesium overdose can cause serious symptoms. Learn which signs indicate too much magnesium in the body and when to seek immediate medical attention.
Magnesium Transporter
Magnesium transporters are specialized proteins that regulate the movement of magnesium ions across cell membranes. They are essential for maintaining magnesium balance in the human body.
Magnesiumascorbat
Magnesiumascorbat kombiniert Vitamin C mit Magnesium in einer magenfreundlichen, gut verträglichen Form – ideal für Immunsystem, Zellschutz und Energiehaushalt.
Magnesiumcarbonat
Magnesiumcarbonat ist eine anorganische Magnesiumverbindung mit säure-neutralisierender (antazidischer) Wirkung. Erfahre mehr über Vorteile, Einsatzgebiete und Unterschiede zu besser resorbierbaren Magnesiumformen.
Magnesiumchlorid
Magnesiumchlorid ist eine gut bioverfügbare Magnesiumform mit innerlicher und äußerlicher Anwendung – ideal für Muskelentspannung, Immunsystem und Zellschutz. Erfahre hier mehr.
Magnesiumhydroxid
Magnesiumhydroxid wirkt als Antazidum und mildes Abführmittel, ist jedoch für die Magnesiumversorgung nur bedingt geeignet. Erfahre hier alles über Anwendung, Wirkung und Grenzen.
Magnesiummalat
Magnesiummalat ist eine gut verträgliche, bioverfügbare Magnesiumverbindung mit energieliefernder Wirkung – ideal bei Erschöpfung, Muskelkrämpfen und zur Unterstützung des Zellstoffwechsels.
Magnesiumorotat
Magnesiumorotat ist eine besonders bioverfügbare Magnesiumverbindung mit positiven Effekten auf Herzfunktion, Zellstoffwechsel und Energiehaushalt – ideal bei Belastung und Herzproblemen.
Magnesiumoxid
Magnesiumoxid enthält viel elementares Magnesium, wird aber nur schlecht aufgenommen. Erfahre hier, wann es sinnvoll ist, und welche Vorteile und Grenzen diese Magnesiumform hat.
Magnesiumräuber
Magnesiumräuber erhöhen den Magnesiumverlust im Körper. Erfahre, welche Faktoren den Bedarf steigern und wie Du vorbeugen kannst.
Magnesiumsulfat
Magnesiumsulfat, auch bekannt als Bittersalz oder Epsom-Salz, wird medizinisch bei Magnesiummangel, Darmreinigung und Muskelentspannung verwendet. Erfahre hier alles zu Wirkung und Anwendung.
Magnesiumtaurat
Magnesiumtaurat kombiniert Magnesium mit Taurin – ideal zur Unterstützung von Herzfunktion, Nerven und Stressresistenz. Hoch bioverfügbar und gut verträglich für eine gezielte Anwendung.
Magnesiumthreonat
Magnesiumthreonat verbessert gezielt die Magnesiumkonzentration im Gehirn und unterstützt Gedächtnis, Konzentration und neuronale Gesundheit – besonders bei Stress und kognitivem Abbau.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a diagnostic imaging technique that uses powerful magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed cross-sectional images of the body.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a diagnostic imaging technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the inside of the body without using radiation.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Diagnostics
MRI diagnostics is a medical imaging technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the inside of the body – without the use of radiation.
Magnetic Therapy
Die Magnettherapie ist ein alternativmedizinisches Verfahren, bei dem statische oder pulsierende Magnetfelder eingesetzt werden, um Schmerzen zu lindern und Heilungsprozesse zu unterstützen.
Magnetit (Fe₃O₄)
Magnetit ist ein natürlich vorkommendes Eisenoxid mit der chemischen Formel Fe₃O₄ und zählt zu den wichtigsten Eisenerzen weltweit.
Maintenance Dose
A maintenance dose is the amount of medication given regularly to keep a stable therapeutic drug level in the blood after the treatment goal has been achieved.
Major Basic Protein
Major Basic Protein (MBP) is a cytotoxic protein found in eosinophil granules, playing a key role in allergic reactions, parasite defense, and eosinophilic inflammation.
Malassimilation
Malassimilation refers to impaired processing and absorption of nutrients in the digestive tract. It includes maldigestion and malabsorption, leading to nutritional deficiencies.
Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor
A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a rare, aggressive soft tissue sarcoma arising from the cells of the peripheral nerve sheath, often linked to Neurofibromatosis Type 1.
Malnutrition
Malnutrition occurs when the body does not receive enough essential nutrients to function properly. It can affect people of all ages and lead to serious health complications if left untreated.
Malnutrition
Mangelernährung bezeichnet einen Zustand, in dem dem Körper über einen längeren Zeitraum essenzielle Nährstoffewie Eiweiß, Vitamine oder Mineralien fehlen oder unzureichend aufgenommen werden.
Malnutrition
Malnutrition is a condition in which the body does not receive adequate or balanced nutrients, impairing overall health. It can result from both deficiency and excess of nutrients.
Malnutrition
Malnutrition refers to an unbalanced diet in which the body does not receive adequate or proper nutrients. It can lead to serious health problems if left unaddressed.
Maltodextrin
Maltodextrin ist ein kohlenhydrathaltiges Polysaccharid, das durch enzymatische Hydrolyse von Stärke (meist aus Mais, Weizen, Reis oder Kartoffeln) gewonnen wird.
Mammary Gland
The mammary gland is a glandular organ of the female breast responsible for milk production. It is influenced by hormones and can be affected by various diseases.
Manganese Sulfate
Manganese sulfate is an inorganic manganese compound used as a mineral source in dietary supplements and the food industry.
Manifestation Index
The manifestation index indicates what proportion of infected individuals actually develop clinical symptoms of a disease. It is a key epidemiological measure.
Manual therapy
Manual therapy is a special form of physiotherapy treatment that deals with the diagnosis and targeted treatment of functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system
Manuka honey
Manuka honey is a special honey made from the nectar of the manuka plant (Leptospermum scoparium), which is native to New Zealand.
Maple Syrup
Maple syrup is a natural sweetener derived from the sap of sugar maple trees. It contains sugars, minerals, and antioxidants, making it a popular food ingredient worldwide.
Marburg-Virus
Marburg-Virus ist ein hochgefährliches Filovirus, das eine schwere hämorrhagische Virusinfektion verursacht, die als Marburg-Fieber bekannt ist.
Marfan Syndrome
Marfan syndrome is a genetic connective tissue disorder affecting the heart, eyes, and skeleton. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent serious complications.
Marionettenfalten
Marionettenfalten sind senkrecht verlaufende Falten, die sich von den Mundwinkeln in Richtung Kinn ziehen.
Mast Cell Activation
Mast cell activation describes the process by which mast cells of the immune system are triggered to release chemical mediators, causing inflammatory and allergic reactions throughout the body.
Mast Cell Activation Syndrome
Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) is a chronic immune disorder in which mast cells are repeatedly and excessively activated, releasing inflammatory mediators that trigger a wide range of symptoms.
Mast Cell Degranulation
Mast cell degranulation is the process by which mast cells release inflammatory mediators, triggering allergic reactions and immune responses. It plays a key role in allergies, asthma, and anaphylaxis.
Mast Cell Stabilization
Mast cell stabilization refers to therapeutic strategies that prevent excessive mast cell activation, thereby reducing allergic reactions and inflammatory processes in the body.
Mast Cell Stabilizer
Mast cell stabilizers are substances that prevent the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells, thereby reducing allergic reactions.
Mast Cell Therapy
Mast cell therapy refers to medical treatments that target mast cells to control allergic and inflammatory conditions such as mastocytosis and MCAS.
Mastitis Treatment
Mastitis treatment addresses inflammation of the breast tissue, most commonly during breastfeeding. Learn about causes, symptoms, and effective therapy options.
Mastoidectomy
A mastoidectomy is a surgical procedure on the mastoid bone behind the ear, used to treat infections or inflammatory conditions affecting the middle ear and mastoid region.
Mastoiditis
Mastoiditis is a bacterial infection of the mastoid bone located behind the ear. It most commonly develops as a complication of a middle ear infection and requires prompt medical treatment.
Mastopathie
Mastopathie ist eine gutartige, hormonabhängige Veränderung des Brustdrüsengewebes, die häufig mit Spannungsgefühl oder Knotenbildung einhergeht.
Maternity Record (Mutterpass)
The Maternity Record (Mutterpass) is the official prenatal care document issued to all pregnant women in Germany, containing key health data and examination results throughout pregnancy.
Matrix Space
The matrix space refers to the extracellular area between cells and tissues containing the extracellular matrix, essential for cell communication, nutrient transport, and tissue structure.
Maxillary Sinusitis
Maxillary sinusitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the maxillary sinuses. It causes facial pain, nasal congestion, and pressure behind the cheeks.
Maximum Lethal Dose
The maximum lethal dose describes the highest dose of a substance that does not yet cause complete mortality in an exposed group of organisms. It is a key concept in toxicology.
Maximum Performance Test
A maximum performance test is a diagnostic procedure used to assess the highest possible output of a system or organism under full load. It is applied in medicine and medical technology.
MCHC value
The MCHC value (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration) indicates the average haemoglobin concentration in the red blood cells (erythrocytes).
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) measures the average amount of hemoglobin in a single red blood cell. It is a key blood count parameter used to diagnose and classify different types of anemia.
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration
The mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) measures the average concentration of hemoglobin within red blood cells. It is a key parameter in complete blood count diagnostics.
Mean Corpuscular Volume
Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) measures the average size of red blood cells and is a key blood test parameter used to diagnose and classify different types of anemia.
Measles Vaccination
The measles vaccination provides reliable protection against measles, a highly contagious viral disease. A two-dose schedule is recommended for children worldwide.
Measuring Cortisol
Measuring cortisol determines the level of this stress hormone in blood, urine, or saliva. The test helps diagnose adrenal disorders such as Cushing syndrome or adrenal insufficiency.
Mechanics of Breathing
The mechanics of breathing describes the physical and muscular processes that enable inhalation and exhalation. It is the foundation of pulmonary ventilation.
Meconium Ileus
Meconium ileus is a bowel obstruction in newborns caused by abnormally thick meconium blocking the small intestine. It is often the first sign of cystic fibrosis.
Media addiction
Media addiction is a serious digital addiction. Find out how it develops, which symptoms are typical and which paths can lead out of the addiction.
Medial Malleolus
The medial malleolus is the bony prominence on the inner side of the ankle, formed by the lower end of the tibia. It stabilizes the ankle joint and is a common site of fractures.
Mediastinum
The mediastinum is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity, located between the two lungs. It contains the heart, major vessels, esophagus, and trachea.
Medical Device
A medical device is an instrument, apparatus, or substance intended for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It is subject to strict regulatory approval requirements.
Medical History
A medical history is the systematic collection of a patient´s health background through structured questioning. It forms the foundation of every medical diagnosis.
Medicinal Mushrooms
Medicinal mushrooms such as Reishi, Shiitake and Cordyceps support immunity, reduce stress and enhance resilience. Discover their traditional and modern uses.
Medicinal Plants
Heilpflanzen sind Pflanzen oder Pflanzenteile, die aufgrund ihrer Inhaltsstoffe medizinisch wirksam sind.
Megalocyte
A megalocyte is an abnormally large red blood cell that appears in certain blood disorders. It is most commonly caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12 or folic acid.
Membrana tensionis reciproca
The membrana tensionis reciproca is an osteopathic concept describing the reciprocal tension relationship of the cranial dura mater membranes between the skull and the sacrum.
Membrane Fluidity
Membrane fluidity describes the mobility of lipids and proteins within the cell membrane. It is essential for key cellular functions such as signal transduction and nutrient transport.
Membrane Potential
The membrane potential is the electrical voltage between the inside of a cell and its surrounding environment. It is essential for the function of nerve and muscle cells.
Memory Performance
Memory performance refers to the brain´s ability to encode, store, and retrieve information. It is essential for learning, concentration, and overall cognitive health.
Menaquinone
Menaquinone is the natural form of vitamin K2 and plays a key role in blood clotting, bone health, and vascular protection.
Meningeal Sheath
The meningeal sheath refers to the three protective connective tissue layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord: the dura mater, arachnoidea, and pia mater.
Meningioma
A meningioma is a usually benign tumor arising from the meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It often grows slowly and may cause no symptoms.
Meningitis
Meningitis is a serious inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens and requires immediate medical attention.
Meningitis
Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes of the brain and spinal cord (meninges) that surround the central nervous system. It
Meningitis
Meningitis is a serious inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi.
Meningococcal B Vaccine
The meningococcal B vaccine protects against infections caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B, helping to prevent life-threatening conditions such as meningitis and septicaemia.
Meniscus articularis
The meniscus articularis is a fibrocartilaginous structure found in certain joints, acting as a shock absorber and contributing to stability and even load distribution.
Meniscus tear
Ein Meniskusriss ist eine Verletzung des halbmondförmigen Knorpelgewebes im Kniegelenk, das als Stoßdämpfer zwischen Ober- und Unterschenkel dient.
Menopause Age
Menopause age refers to the point at which a woman has her last menstrual period. The average age of menopause is around 51 years, typically occurring between ages 45 and 55.
Menstrual Cycle Changes
Menstrual cycle changes refer to deviations in the normal female menstrual cycle. They may affect duration, intensity, or regularity and can indicate hormonal imbalances or underlying medical conditions.
Mentale Gesundheit
Mentale Gesundheit beschreibt den Zustand des emotionalen, psychischen und sozialen Wohlbefindens.
Mercury Exposure
Mercury exposure occurs when the body absorbs mercury through food, air, water, or skin contact, potentially causing serious health damage. Learn about causes, symptoms, and treatment.
Mercury Test
A mercury test measures the concentration of mercury in blood, urine, or hair. It is used to diagnose mercury poisoning and to assess exposure to this toxic heavy metal.
Mercury Therapy
Mercury therapy refers to historical medical treatments using mercury compounds. Today, mercury is classified as highly toxic and is no longer used therapeutically in modern medicine.
Mesenchyme
Mesenchyme is embryonic connective tissue that gives rise to many body tissues and organs. It plays a central role in human development.
Mesenteric Artery Stenosis
Mesenteric artery stenosis is a narrowing of the intestinal blood vessels that reduces blood flow to the bowel, often causing abdominal pain after meals and digestive problems.
Mesogastrium
The mesogastrium is an embryonic peritoneal fold that suspends the stomach and guides its positional development within the body during fetal growth.
Mesomeric Effect
The mesomeric effect describes the delocalization of electrons in conjugated systems through resonance. It significantly influences the reactivity and properties of organic molecules.
Messenger Substance
Messenger substances are chemical signaling molecules in the body that transmit information between cells, organs, and the nervous system. They regulate vital functions such as mood, metabolism, and immune defense.
Metabolic Syndrome
Das metabolische Syndrom ist eine Gruppe von Stoffwechselstörungen, die das Risiko für Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen, Typ-2-Diabetes und Schlaganfall erheblich erhöhen.
Metabolism
Metabolism refers to all chemical processes in the body that generate energy and sustain cell function. It is fundamental to health and overall well-being.
Metabolite
A metabolite is an intermediate or end product of metabolism. Metabolites are formed during the breakdown or synthesis of nutrients and play a key role in the biochemical processes of the human body.
Metacarpus
The metacarpus, or palm of the hand, consists of five metacarpal bones connecting the wrist to the fingers. It forms the bony framework of the hand.
Metal Allergy
A metal allergy is an immune system hypersensitivity reaction to certain metals such as nickel, cobalt, or chromium. It most commonly presents as contact dermatitis.
Metamizole
Metamizole is a potent non-opioid analgesic used to relieve severe pain and high fever. It also has antispasmodic properties, making it effective for colic-type pain.
Metamyelocyte
A metamyelocyte is an immature precursor cell of granulocytes, a type of white blood cell, produced in the bone marrow. Its presence in peripheral blood may indicate infection, inflammation, or blood disorders.
Metastasis
A metastasis is a secondary tumor that forms when cancer cells break away from the primary tumor and spread to other parts of the body through blood or lymph vessels.
Metatarsus
The metatarsus (midfoot) consists of five long bones in the foot located between the tarsal bones and the toes. It forms the bony foundation of the forefoot arch.
Methionine
Methionine is an essential amino acid that the human body cannot produce on its own and must obtain through diet. It plays a key role in protein synthesis, methylation reactions, and sulfur metabolism.
Methylation
Methylation is a biochemical process in which methyl groups are attached to DNA, proteins, or other molecules. It plays a central role in gene regulation and overall health.
Methylcobalamin
Methylcobalamin is a bioactive form of vitamin B12 that is essential in the body for the formation of red blood cells, DNA synthesis and neurological function. This form of the vitamin is particularly well absorbed by nerve cells.
Methylenblau
Methylenblau ist eine synthetische aromatische Verbindung mit vielseitiger medizinischer Anwendung.
Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol
Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol (MBBT) is an organic UV filter used in sunscreens that absorbs both UVA and UVB radiation, providing broad-spectrum protection against UV-induced skin damage.
Methylglyoxal
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a chemical compound that is found in high concentrations in Manuka honey in particular and gives it its exceptional antibacterial properties.
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM)
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a naturally occurring sulfur-containing compound widely used as a dietary supplement for joint pain, muscle recovery, and inflammation.
Metoprolol
Metoprolol is a cardioselective beta-blocker used to treat high blood pressure, heart arrhythmias, and heart failure. It slows the heart rate and lowers blood pressure effectively.
Metronidazole
Metronidazole is an antibiotic and antiparasitic drug effective against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. It is used to treat infections such as trichomoniasis, amoebiasis, and bacterial vaginosis.
Mevalonate Pathway
The mevalonate pathway is a central metabolic route in human cells that governs the biosynthesis of cholesterol, steroid hormones, and other essential biomolecules.
Michaelis-Menten Constant
The Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) is the substrate concentration at which an enzyme reaches half of its maximum reaction rate. It is a key measure of the affinity of an enzyme for its substrate.
Microatelectasis
Microatelectasis refers to the collapse of small areas of lung tissue. It commonly occurs after surgery or prolonged bed rest and can impair oxygen exchange in the lungs.
Microbial Load
Microbial load refers to the quantity and type of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses or fungi present in food, water, air or on surfaces.
Microbiome
The microbiome influences digestion, the immune system and cell health. Find out why a healthy gut flora is essential for vitality, longevity and modern health care.
Microbiome Analysis
A microbiome analysis examines the community of microorganisms living in the gut. It provides insights into digestive health and can help guide targeted treatment of gut-related conditions.
Microbiome Regulation
Microbiome regulation refers to the balance of microorganisms living in and on the human body. A healthy microbiome supports immunity, digestion, and overall wellbeing.
Microbiome Test
A microbiome test analyzes the composition of gut bacteria to provide insights into digestive health. It helps identify imbalances in the microbiome at an early stage.
Microbiome Therapy
Microbiome therapy aims to restore or improve the microbial balance in the body to treat or prevent a range of diseases and health conditions.
Microcytic Anemia
Microcytic anemia is a type of anemia in which red blood cells are abnormally small. It is most commonly caused by iron deficiency and presents with fatigue, pallor, and shortness of breath.
Microcytosis
Microcytosis refers to the presence of abnormally small red blood cells. It is commonly associated with iron deficiency anaemia or other blood disorders.
Microdialysis
Microdialysis is a minimally invasive technique used to continuously sample biochemical substances directly from living tissue, enabling real-time monitoring of local metabolism.
Microneedling
Microneedling ist ein minimalinvasives kosmetisches Verfahren, bei dem die Haut mit feinen Mikronadeln perforiert wird, um gezielt Regenerationsprozesse und Kollagenbildung anzuregen.
Micronutrient Deficiency
Micronutrient deficiency occurs when the body does not receive adequate amounts of essential vitamins, minerals, or trace elements. It can cause a wide range of symptoms and seriously affect long-term health.
Micronutrient Status
Micronutrient status describes how well the body is supplied with vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. It is a key indicator of overall health and wellbeing.
Micronutrient Therapy
Micronutrient therapy uses vitamins, minerals, and trace elements in targeted doses to prevent and treat health conditions. It complements conventional medicine with an evidence-based approach.
Micronutrient Therapy
Micronutrient therapy uses targeted supplementation of vitamins, minerals, and trace elements to prevent and treat deficiencies and to support overall health and wellbeing.
Micronutrients
Micronutrients are essential nutrients that the body needs in small amounts to maintain a variety of vital functions. These nutrients include vitamins, minerals and trace elements.
Middle Ear Effusion
Ein Paukenerguss bezeichnet die Ansammlung von Flüssigkeit im Mittelohr, genauer in der Paukenhöhle hinter dem Trommelfell.
Middle Ear Infection
A middle ear infection (otitis media) is an inflammation of the middle ear, most commonly affecting children and caused by bacteria or viruses.
Middle Ear Infection Symptoms
Middle ear infection typically causes ear pain, a feeling of pressure in the ear, and reduced hearing. It is especially common in children.
middle ear infection what to do
For a middle ear infection, pain relievers, decongestant nasal drops, and warmth can help. Learn what to do at home and when to see a doctor.
Migraine Causes
Migraine is a neurological condition causing severe headaches. Its causes include genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors that trigger attacks in susceptible individuals.
Migraine with Aura
Migraine with aura is a neurological condition characterised by recurring headache attacks preceded by reversible neurological symptoms such as visual disturbances.
Migräne Symptome
Migräne äußert sich nicht nur durch starke, pulsierende Kopfschmerzen, sondern häufig auch durch vielschichtige Begleitsymptome.
Mikroplastik
Mikroplastik bezeichnet Kunststoffpartikel mit einer Größe von weniger als 5 Millimetern, die in der Umwelt weit verbreitet sind.
Milien (Hautgrieß)
Milien (auch Hautgrieß genannt) sind kleine, weiße, feste Erhebungen auf der Haut, die durch verstopfte Talgdrüsen entstehen.
Milk allergy
The milk allergy is a genuine food allergy in which the immune system overreacts to milk protein
Milk Intolerance
Milk intolerance refers to adverse reactions to components of milk, most commonly lactose or milk proteins. Affected individuals experience digestive complaints after consuming dairy products.
Milk Let-Down / Milk Coming In
Milk coming in refers to the onset of breast milk production after childbirth. The breasts become full, firm, and warm – a natural process in the early days of breastfeeding.
Milk Proteins and Immunity
Milk proteins can influence the immune system in various ways – both supporting immune defense and triggering allergic reactions. Learn about their immunological role.
Milk Thistle Cleanse
Mariendistelkur bezeichnet eine zeitlich begrenzte Anwendung von Mariendistelextrakten, die zur Unterstützung der Leberfunktion eingesetzt wird.
Millard-Gubler Syndrome
Millard-Gubler Syndrome is a rare neurological condition caused by a lesion in the pons of the brainstem, leading to ipsilateral facial nerve palsy and contralateral hemiplegia.
Miller Fisher Syndrome
Miller Fisher Syndrome is a rare neurological autoimmune disease. Learn about symptoms, causes, and how recovery can be supported.
Mindfulness
Achtsamkeit beschreibt die bewusste, nicht-wertende Wahrnehmung des gegenwärtigen Moments: mit all seinen Gedanken, Gefühlen, Empfindungen und Reizen.
Mindfulness Meditation
Mindfulness meditation is a mental practice that involves intentionally focusing attention on the present moment. It promotes relaxation, stress reduction, and psychological well-being.
Mineral Acid
Mineral acids are inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, or nitric acid. They are used in industry and medicine but can cause severe chemical burns upon contact.
Mineral Analysis
A mineral analysis measures the levels of essential minerals in the body, helping to detect deficiencies or excess levels at an early stage.
Mineral Balance
Mineral balance describes the intake, distribution, and excretion of essential minerals in the body. A well-regulated mineral balance is vital for overall health and normal bodily functions.
Mineral Oil Hydrocarbons
Mineral oil hydrocarbons (MOSH and MOAH) are complex mixtures derived from the processing of crude oil.
Minimal Erythema Dose
The Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) is the lowest dose of UV radiation that produces a visible reddening of the skin. It is a key measure of individual UV sensitivity.
Mirtazapine
Mirtazapine is an antidepressant used to treat depression. It works by influencing neurotransmitters in the brain, helping to improve mood, sleep, and appetite.
Miscarriage Prevention
Miscarriage prevention includes medical and lifestyle measures aimed at reducing the risk of pregnancy loss. Learn about causes, risk factors, and treatment options.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are essential for energy production and cell health. Find out how you can strengthen them with diet, nutrients and a healthy lifestyle.
Mitochondrial Biogenesis
Mitochondrial biogenesis is the process by which cells form new mitochondria or expand existing ones, playing a key role in energy production and overall cell health.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Mitochondrial dysfunction refers to impaired functioning of the mitochondria, affecting cellular energy production and linked to a wide range of serious health conditions.
Mitochondrial Function
Mitochondrial function refers to the vital roles mitochondria play within cells, primarily generating energy as ATP. They are essential for metabolism, signaling, and overall cellular health.
Mitochondrial Therapy
Mitochondrial therapy refers to treatment approaches aimed at improving the function of mitochondria, the energy-producing powerhouses of our cells.
Mitral Regurgitation
Mitral regurgitation is a heart condition in which the mitral valve does not close properly, causing blood to flow back into the left atrium. It can place a long-term strain on the heart.
Mitral Valve Stenosis
Mitral valve stenosis is a narrowing of the mitral valve in the heart that restricts blood flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle.
Mizellenwasser
Mizellenwasser ist ein sanftes Reinigungsprodukt für die Haut. Es wirkt auf der Grundlage sogenannter Mizellen, das sind winzige Molekülaggregate aus Tensiden.
Mode (Statistics)
The mode is the value that appears most frequently in a data set. In medicine, it helps identify the most common measurements or findings within a patient group.
Modified Starch
Modifizierte Stärke ist ein industriell veränderter Stärkezusatzstoff, der aus pflanzlichen Rohstoffen wie Mais, Kartoffeln, Reis oder Weizen gewonnen wird.
Moist Wound Care
Moist wound care is a modern wound management concept that maintains a moist wound environment to accelerate healing, reduce pain, and minimize complications.
Mole Removal
Das Entfernen eines Muttermals (medizinisch: Nävus) ist ein dermatologischer Eingriff, der aus medizinischen oder ästhetischen Gründen erfolgen kann.
Molkenhydrolysat
Molkenhydrolysat ist ein schnell verfügbares Protein mit hoher Bioverfügbarkeit – ideal für Muskelaufbau, sensible Verdauung und klinische Ernährung. Erfahre alles über Vorteile und Einsatzbereiche.
Molluscum contagiosum
Dellwarzen sind kleine, harmlose Hautveränderungen, die durch eine Infektion mit dem Molluscum-contagiosum-Virus verursacht werden.
Molybdenum
An essential trace element that serves as a cofactor for enzymes in the metabolism of amino acids and purines. It supports detoxification and energy metabolism.
Mometasone
Mometasone is a synthetic corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory properties, widely used for allergies, asthma, and inflammatory skin conditions.
Monk Fruit
Monk fruit (Luo Han Guo) is a subtropical fruit whose extract is used as a natural, calorie-free sweetener with a long history in traditional Chinese medicine.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO inhibitors, MAOIs) are a class of antidepressants that block the enzyme monoamine oxidase.
Monoaminooxidase (MAO)
MAO steht für Monoaminooxidase, ein Enzym, das in Nervenzellen, Leber und Darm vorkommt und für den Abbau wichtiger Neurotransmitter wie Serotonin, Dopamin, Noradrenalin und Tyramin verantwortlich ist.
Monocytes absolute
Monocytes absolute refers to the measured number of monocytes per microliter of blood. This value is part of the complete blood count and provides important information about infections, inflammation, and immune system disorders.
Monozygotic
Monozygotic refers to twins who develop from a single fertilized egg. They are genetically identical and are commonly known as identical twins.
Morbus Menière
Morbus Menière ist eine chronische Erkrankung des Innenohrs, die durch wiederkehrende Schwindelanfälle, Hörminderung und Tinnitus gekennzeichnet ist.
Morning After Pill
Die Pille danach ist ein hormonelles Notfallverhütungsmittel, das eine ungewollte Schwangerschaft nach ungeschütztem Geschlechtsverkehr verhindern kann.
Morris Point
The Morris point is a clinical pressure point in the right lower abdomen used to help diagnose appendicitis by indicating inflammation of the appendix.
Mortality Rate
The mortality rate indicates how many deaths occur in a defined population within a specific period of time. It is a key measure in epidemiology and public health statistics.
Mortierella alpina
Mortierella alpina is a soil-dwelling fungus recognized as a key natural source of arachidonic acid (ARA), widely used in the food and dietary supplement industry.
Mould allergy
Mould allergy is a hypersensitive reaction of the immune system to spores or components of moulds, which are primarily absorbed via the respiratory tract.
mRNA-Impfung
mRNA-Impfstoffe liefern genetische Informationen zur gezielten Immunaktivierung – sicher, effizient & ohne Erbguteingriff. Alles zur Wirkweise, Sicherheit und Forschung.
MS Disease
MS disease (Multiple Sclerosis) is a chronic condition of the central nervous system in which the immune system attacks the myelin sheath surrounding nerve fibers.
MS Symptoms
MS symptoms are diverse and can affect nerves, muscles, and senses. Learn which signs may indicate Multiple Sclerosis and when to seek medical advice.
MSM Warning
MSM Warnung bezieht sich auf mögliche Hinweise und Vorsichtsmaßnahmen bei der Einnahme von Methylsulfonylmethan (MSM).
mTOR (mechanistic Target of Rapamycin)
mTOR is a central enzyme (kinase) in human cells that regulates cell growth, metabolism, and cell division. It plays a key role in cancer, metabolic diseases, and the aging process.
mTOR Signaling Pathway
The mTOR signaling pathway is a central cellular network that regulates cell growth, metabolism, and division. It plays a key role in cancer, diabetes, and the aging process.
Mucosal Edema
Mucosal edema is a swelling of the mucous membranes caused by fluid accumulation in the tissue. It can affect the airways, digestive tract, nasal passages, and other areas of the body.
Mucosal Immunity
Mucosal immunity protects the body surfaces of the gut, airways, and oral cavity from pathogens. It forms one of the most important defense systems in the human body.
Mucosal Immunity
Mucosal immunity refers to the immune defense of the body´s mucous membranes. It protects the respiratory tract, gut, and other mucosal surfaces from pathogens.
Mucosal Irritation
Mucosal irritation refers to inflammation or irritation of the mucous membranes, such as those lining the mouth, stomach, or airways. It can be caused by chemicals, infections, or mechanical factors.
Mucosal Layer
The mucosal layer is the innermost lining of the gastrointestinal tract. It protects tissues, absorbs nutrients, and plays a key role in the body's immune defense.
Mucosal Permeability
Mucosal permeability refers to how easily substances pass through the intestinal lining. Increased permeability is linked to inflammation and various chronic conditions.
Mucosal Protection
Mucosal protection refers to mechanisms and treatments that shield the gastrointestinal lining from damage. It plays a key role in managing and preventing digestive disorders.
Mucous Membrane Inflammation
Mucous membrane inflammation, also called mucositis, is an inflammation of the mucous membranes lining various body cavities. It causes pain, redness, and swelling.
Mucuna pruriens
Mucuna pruriens is a tropical legume plant rich in L-DOPA, widely used in traditional medicine and as a dietary supplement to support neurological and hormonal health.
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system in which the immune system attacks the myelin sheaths of the nerve fibres in the brain and spinal cord.
Multivitamin
A multivitamin is a dietary supplement that combines several vitamins, often supplemented with minerals and other micronutrients, in a single capsule or tablet.
Munchausen Syndrome
Munchausen syndrome is a serious mental health condition in which a person deliberately fakes or induces illness symptoms to gain medical attention and care.
Muscle Compartment
A muscle compartment is a connective tissue space enclosed by fascia, containing muscles, blood vessels, and nerves. Increased pressure within it can cause compartment syndrome.
Muscle Imbalance
Muscle imbalance refers to a functional disproportion between opposing muscle groups. It can cause pain, poor posture, and increased injury risk.
Muscle Inflammation
Muscle inflammation (myositis) is an inflammation of the skeletal muscles causing pain, weakness, and swelling. It can result from infections, autoimmune conditions, or other causes.
Muscle Pain
Muskelschmerzen (Myalgien) äußern sich als ziehende, drückende oder stechende Schmerzen in der Muskulatur und können lokal begrenzt oder den gesamten Körper betreffen.
Muscle Protein Synthesis
Muscle protein synthesis is the biological process by which muscle cells build new protein structures. It is essential for muscle growth, recovery, and strength development.
Muscle Soreness
Muskelkater ist eine Mikroverletzung der Muskelfasern, die nach ungewohnter oder intensiver körperlicher Belastung auftritt.
Musculoskeletal
Musculoskeletal refers to everything involving the interaction of muscles, bones, joints, tendons, and ligaments. Disorders of this system are among the most common causes of pain and limited mobility worldwide.
Musculus quadratus lumborum
The musculus quadratus lumborum is a deep back muscle of the lumbar region. It stabilizes the spine and pelvis and plays a key role in trunk movements and posture.
Muskelfaserriss
Ein Muskelfaserriss ist eine Sportverletzung, bei der einzelne oder mehrere Muskelfasern innerhalb eines Muskels reißen.
Mutagenesis
Mutagenesis refers to the process by which permanent changes occur in the DNA sequence of an organism. It plays a key role in cancer research, genetics, and biotechnology.
Myasthenia
Myasthenia, also known as myasthenia gravis, is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the transmission of signals between nerves and muscles is disturbed.
Mycosis Fungoides
Mycosis fungoides is the most common primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, a rare skin cancer that progresses slowly and can affect the skin, lymph nodes, and internal organs.
Myelography
Myelography is a diagnostic imaging procedure used to visualize the spinal canal and spinal cord by injecting contrast dye into the spinal fluid space.
Myelosuppression
Myelosuppression is the suppression of blood cell production in the bone marrow. It commonly occurs as a side effect of chemotherapy or radiation therapy and can lead to serious complications.
Mykoplasmen
Mykoplasmen sind sehr kleine Bakterien ohne Zellwand, die beim Menschen Infektionen der Atemwege, des Urogenitaltrakts und anderer Gewebe verursachen können.
Myo-Inositol
Myo-inositol is a naturally occurring, vitamin-like substance that is often categorised as a B vitamin, although it can be synthesised by the body itself. It is the most common form of inositol found in plant and animal cells and plays a central role in cell metabolism, in signal transduction and in the regulation of hormones and neurotransmitters.
Myocardial Ischemia
Myocardial ischemia occurs when blood flow to the heart muscle is reduced, causing oxygen deprivation that can lead to a heart attack if left untreated.
Myocardial Scintigraphy
Myocardial scintigraphy is a nuclear medicine imaging technique used to assess blood flow and function of the heart muscle. It helps detect coronary artery disease and areas of reduced blood supply.
Myofascial Pain
Myofascial pain is a chronic muscle pain condition caused by sensitive trigger points within muscle tissue. It commonly affects the neck, shoulders, and back.
Myofascial Pain Syndrome
Myofascial pain syndrome is a chronic pain condition affecting the muscles, characterized by sensitive pressure points known as trigger points that cause local and referred pain.
Myofascial Techniques
Myofascial techniques are manual therapy methods used to treat pain and dysfunction in muscles and fascia. They help restore mobility and support tissue healing.
Myokarditis
Myokarditis ist eine Entzündung des Herzmuskels, die häufig durch Viren ausgelöst wird und zu Herzschmerzen, Atemnot und Herzrhythmusstörungen führen kann.
Myometrium
The myometrium is the middle, muscular layer of the uterine wall. It enables contractions during childbirth and plays a central role in the female reproductive system.
Myotendinous
Myotendinous refers to the transitional zone between a muscle and its tendon. Injuries in this region are common in sports and can cause pain and loss of function.
Mysophobia
Mysophobie, umgangssprachlich auch als „Keimangst“ bekannt, beschreibt die pathologische Angst vor Schmutz, Bakterien oder Kontamination.
Die neusten Einträge
3 Posts in this encyclopedia categoryEosinophil Migration
Eosinophil migration describes the directed movement of eosinophils (white blood cells) from the bloodstream into tissues during inflammation or allergic reactions.
Bowel Resection
A bowel resection is a surgical procedure in which a diseased section of the intestine is removed. It is used to treat conditions such as colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and bowel obstruction.
Telomere Shortening
Telomere shortening is the natural process by which the protective caps on chromosomes become shorter with each cell division, playing a key role in cellular aging and age-related disease.
Die meistgelesenen Einträge
3 Posts in this encyclopedia categoryMagnesiumcarbonat
Magnesiumcarbonat ist eine anorganische Magnesiumverbindung mit säure-neutralisierender (antazidischer) Wirkung. Erfahre mehr über Vorteile, Einsatzgebiete und Unterschiede zu besser resorbierbaren Magnesiumformen.
Cologne list
The Cologne List ® is an important initiative in competitive sports that offers athletes guidance in the selection of nutritional supplements.
Calorie content
The choice of food influences our energy intake. The calorie content varies greatly - some provide little energy, others a lot.