Bladder inflammation (cystitis) - causes, treatment & prevention
Cystitis is a common urinary tract infection that is usually caused by a bacterial infection, in particular by the bacterium Escherichia coli.
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Cystitis is a common urinary tract infection which is usually caused by a bacterial infection in particular by the bacterium Escherichia coli.
Bladder infections occur mainly in women due to the shorter urethra and are characterised by symptoms such as frequent, painful urination, burning when urinating, cloudy or foul-smelling urine and occasional lower abdominal pain. Cystitis can be acute or chronic and, if left untreated, can lead to more serious complications such as renal pelvic inflammatory disease.
Treatment of cystitis usually involves antibiotics to combat the infection. Preventive measures also play an important role, such as drinking water regularly to flush the bladder, emptying the bladder immediately after sexual intercourse, avoiding irritants (gentle intimate hygiene), keeping the feet and the kidney and pelvic area warm and wearing loose, breathable clothing.
In addition to treatment with antibiotics, various dietary supplements and herbal preparations can also have a supportive effect. An important means of preventing bladder infections is mannose, a sugar that occurs naturally in some types of fruit and is available as a dietary supplement. Mannose has been shown to be particularly effective in the prevention and treatment of recurrent cystitis as it binds the E. coli bacteria before they can attach to the bladder wall. This prevents the bacteria from infecting the bladder and causing inflammation. Cranberry extracts are also particularly well known for their preventative effect. They contain proanthocyanidins, which prevent bacteria such as E. coli from adhering to the bladder wall. This reduces the risk of infection and supports the health of the urinary tract.
Lactoferrin, a protein with antibacterial properties, can also help to inhibit bacterial growth. Vitamins C & D also play a supporting role by strengthening the immune system and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Lactoferrin binds iron, which is necessary for the multiplication of bacteria, and thus prevents their growth. Vitamin C is particularly important as it helps to acidify the urine, which inhibits the growth of bacteria. Vitamin D is known to strengthen the immune system and thus prevent infections.
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