Iron values - meaning, normal ranges & deviations
Iron values provide information about the body's iron supply. Find out what normal values are, how a deficiency manifests itself and which laboratory parameters are important.
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The iron levels in the blood provide information about the body's supply of the trace element iron, which is essential for the formation of haemoglobin, the transport of oxygen in the blood and numerous metabolic processes.
A balanced iron balance is crucial for energy, performance, cell function and the immune system. Deviations - both iron deficiency and iron overload - can cause a variety of symptoms and secondary diseases.
Important parameters for assessing iron status are:
- Serum iron: measures the free iron in the blood (normal value: approx. 50-160 µg/dl in men, 40-150 µg/dl in women)
- Ferritin: Storage form of iron in tissue - considered the most reliable marker for iron stores (normal value: 30-300 ng/ml in men, 15-150 ng/ml in women)
- Transferrin saturation: Proportion of transferrin that is loaded with iron (Normal: 20-45 %)
- Total iron content (TIBC): Indicates the total transferrin capacity
An iron deficiency often manifests itself in fatigue, concentration problems, brittle nails, hair loss or pale skin and can lead to anaemia (anaemia).The causes are often blood loss, chronic inflammation, an unbalanced diet or impaired iron absorption in the intestine. An elevated ferritin value, on the other hand, can indicate chronic illnesses, liver problems or haemochromatosis (an iron storage disease).
Iron supplements (oral or intravenous) are used for treatment if there is a deficiency. It is important to check the values regularly, as both too much and too little iron can be harmful to health in the long term.
Important facts about iron levels:
- Serum iron, ferritin, transferrin and TIBC are key laboratory parameters
- Iron deficiency: common in women, vegetarians, chronic inflammation
- Symptoms: fatigue, hair loss, pallor, concentration problems
- Iron overload: Risk in haemochromatosis or heavy supplementation
- Important: Cause clarification and targeted therapy
Literature references
- World Health Organisation (WHO). (2020). "Nutritional anaemias: tools for effective prevention and control."
- Camaschella, C. (2015). "Iron-deficiency anemia." New England Journal of Medicine.
- Andrews, N. C. (2000). "Iron homeostasis: insights from genetics and animal models." Nature Reviews Genetics.
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