Gingivitis - causes, symptoms & treatment
Gingivitis is a common, usually reversible inflammation caused by bacterial plaque. Symptoms such as bleeding and swelling can be effectively treated with good oral hygiene.
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Inflammation of the gums, medically known as gingivitis, is a superficial inflammation of the gums that is usually caused by bacterial plaque.
Gum inflammation is one of the most common diseases of the oral cavity and, if left untreated, can develop into periodontitis, which also affects the periodontium. Common triggers are lack oral hygiene, hormonal changes, smoking, stress, vitamin deficiency (e.g. vitamin C) as well as certain medications or systemic diseases.
Typical symptoms of gingivitis are reddened, swollen and slightly bleeding gums, especially when brushing or flossing. The inflammation is usually painless and is therefore often overlooked. In some cases, it can lead to bad breath, receding gums or an unpleasant feeling of pressure. However, gingivitis is completely reversible if recognised at an early stage.
The most important measure for treatment and prevention is consistent oral hygiene: This includes brushing your teeth thoroughly with fluoride toothpaste, using dental floss or interdental brushes and antibacterial mouthwashes if necessary. Regular professional tooth cleaning at the dentist also contributes significantly to the reduction of bacterial plaque. In some cases, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating agents such as lactoferrin, which has an antimicrobial effect, can support the regeneration of the gums.
Important features of gingivitis:
- Medical term: gingivitis
- Cause: usually plaque due to poor dental hygiene
- Symptoms: redness, swelling, bleeding, mouth odour
- Early stage: Fully reversible with proper care
- Important: regular dental visits and professional cleaning
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