Lymphedema – Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Learn about lymphedema: causes, symptoms, and treatment options such as lymphatic drainage and compression therapy.
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A lymphedema is a chronic condition caused by impaired lymphatic drainage.
As a result, lymphatic fluid accumulates in the interstitial tissue, most commonly in the arms or legs, leading to swelling. It can be classified as primary (due to congenital malformations of the lymphatic system) or secondary (caused by surgery, radiation, or infections).
Typical symptoms include persistent swelling, a feeling of heaviness or tightness, and progressive tissue hardening. If left untreated, lymphedema may worsen over time, significantly limiting mobility and quality of life. Patients are also at increased risk for skin infections such as erysipelas.
Treatment usually involves complex decongestive therapy, which combines manual lymphatic drainage, compression therapy, exercise, and skin care. The aim is to reduce swelling, improve lymphatic flow, and prevent complications. In severe cases, surgical procedures may be considered.
Key Facts about Lymphedema
- Caused by impaired lymphatic drainage with swelling in arms/legs
- Primary (congenital) or secondary (e.g., after surgery or radiation)
- Therapy: lymphatic drainage, compression, exercise, skin care
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