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Synovia - function, composition and importance for joints

Synovia is a joint-protecting fluid that acts as a lubricant. Find out more about its function, composition and influence on joint health.

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Wissenswertes über "Synovia"

The synovia, also synovial fluid or colloquially synovial fluid is a viscous, clear body fluid that occurs in the joint cavities of movable joints 

The synovial fluid is formed by the synovial membrane (synovial membrane) and fulfils central tasks in joint metabolism. Its main functions are the lubrication of the joint surfaces, the shock absorption and the nutrient supply of the cartilaginous joint tissue.

The synovium contains, among other things hyaluronic acid, glycoproteins, electrolytes and small amounts of cells and enzymes. The viscosity and quality of the synovial fluid depend heavily on the movement behaviour and state of health of the joints . In inflammatory or degenerative diseases - such as arthrosis or rheumatoid arthritis - the composition can change, restricting the protective function of the synovial fluid.

Targeted measures such as moderate exercise, sufficient fluid intake as well as the intake of nutrient-supporting substances such as hyaluronic acid, glucosamine, Chondroitin, Omega-3 fatty acids, MSM and Vitamin C can positively influence the quality of the synovium and joint function . Also anti-inflammatory micronutrients such as curcumin or lactoferrin are increasingly being researched in joint metabolism.

Functions of the synovium:

  • Lubricant for low-friction joint movement
  • Shock absorption during loading of the joint
  • Nutrient transport for the articular cartilage (as it is not supplied with blood)
  • removal of metabolic products and cellular debris
  • Support of joint mechanics and integrity

Changes in the synovium in diseases:

  • Arthrosis: Decreased viscosity, hyaluronic acid degradation
  • Arthritis: Inflammatory change in composition, possibly. Cell and protein accumulation
  • Infections: Purulent, cloudy synovia with pathogens
  • Trauma: Blood admixture (haemarthrosis) possible

Supportive micronutrients & therapies:

  • Hyaluronic acid (oral or intra-articular)
  • Glucosamine, Chondroitin, MSM, Vitamin C, Omega-3
  • Curcumin, Lactoferrin to regulate inflammation
  • Physiotherapy, joint-friendly exercise (e.g. swimming, cycling). e.g. swimming, cycling)
  • Drink enough for Synovia production

Literature references

  • Balazs, E.A., & Denlinger, J.L. (1993): Viscosupplementation: a new concept in the treatment of osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol Suppl.
  • Goldring, M.B. et al. (2007): The role of cytokines in cartilage matrix degeneration in osteoarthritis. Clin Orthop Relat Res.
  • Henrotin, Y. et al. (2010): Nutraceuticals: do they represent a new era in the management of osteoarthritis? RMD Open.

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