Acne - causes, treatment & skin care
Acne is a common skin condition characterised by blackheads, pustules and inflamed lumps.
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Acne is a common skin condition characterised by blackheads, pustules and inflamed lumps.
This inflammatory skin disease mainly occurs during puberty, but can also affect adults. It is caused by a combination of hormonal changes that increase sebum production, a keratinisation disorder of the hair follicles and colonisation of the skin with Cutibacterium acnes. These bacteria multiply in clogged pores and trigger inflammation. In addition to genetic factors, diet, stress and certain medications can also play a role. A diet with a high glycaemic index or high dairy content has been linked to a worsening of acne.
Treatment depends on the severity of the condition. Mild forms can be treated with topical agents such as benzoyl peroxide or retinoids, while systemic antibiotics or retinoids such as isotretinoin are used for moderate to severe cases. Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial substances such as lactoferrin can also have a supportive effect. This protein, which occurs naturally in the body, binds iron and thus deprives bacteria of an important nutrient, which inhibits their growth.
In addition to medical measures, preventative approaches are also important for successful treatment. Mild, non-comedogenic skin care that removes excess sebum without damaging the skin barrier is essential. Protection from UV rays also plays a role, as sunlight can initially reduce inflammation, but in the long term it favours pigmentation disorders and skin ageing. Stress management and a balanced diet can also help to improve the appearance of the skin.
Acne is a complex disease that requires customised treatment. With a combination of effective treatment approaches and holistic care, inflammation can be reduced and skin health improved in the long term.
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