ALT Level – Meaning, Causes and Diagnosis
The ALT level indicates liver health. Elevated values may signal liver disease or tissue damage.
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The ALT level – also known as GPT (alanine aminotransferase) – is a liver enzyme mainly found in liver cells and plays a key role in amino acid metabolism.
When liver cells are damaged, ALT is released into the bloodstream, causing elevated values detectable in blood tests. Common causes of elevated ALT include viral hepatitis, fatty liver (alcoholic or non-alcoholic), liver inflammation, drug-induced liver injury, or biliary tract disorders. Intense physical activity or muscle injury may also influence the results.
Measurement is part of a liver function test. For diagnosis, other liver enzymes such as AST, gamma-GT, and bilirubin are often checked. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, ranging from lifestyle modifications to antiviral or medical therapy.
Key Facts about ALT Level
- ALT = GPT, key liver enzyme
- Elevated in liver disease or tissue damage
- Causes: hepatitis, fatty liver, drug-induced injury
- Diagnosis via blood test
- Treatment depends on underlying cause
Literature references:
- Giannini, E. G., et al. (2021). Liver enzyme alteration: a guide for clinicians. CMAJ.
- Green, R. M., & Flamm, S. (2002). AGA technical review on the evaluation of liver chemistry tests. Gastroenterology.
- Kim, W. R., et al. (2008). Serum activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as an indicator of health and disease. Hepatology.
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